Escape dynamics based on bounded rationality

Abstract

The bounded rationality plays a vital role in the collective behavior of the evacuation process. Also investigating human behavior in such an extreme situation is a continuing concern within social psychology. In this paper, we construct a cellular automaton (CA) model for the escape dynamics, and the bounded rational behavior induced by heterogeneous information is introduced. The non-trivial behavior shows in the replicator dynamics method with mean field approximation, where people's perception of the distribution of population and velocity is reduced to an average value in a certain direction. Analyzing the escape efficiency shows that under the premise of rationality, the bounded rational strategy can get higher performance. Interestingly, a quantifiable meta-stable state appears in the escape process, and the escape time is power-law dependent on system size.

Stakeholder Tensions in Decision-Making for Opening Government Data

“…For some decision-makers, using a formal method in the decision-making process is possible to implement, while others are not able to use such a method. Besides, the decisionmakers cannot have access to all the required information and relevant resources to make the best decisions [15,19]. Apart from incomplete information, their perspectives are bounded by cognitive limits and thus making it difficult to process appropriately [14].…”

Measuring Dynamics in Evacuation Behaviour with Deep Learning

“…Based on the methodology, as Figure 1 shows, we first introduce DL into the evacuation model to measure the optimality of decisions in such extreme scenes. In this paper, we use replicator dynamics to simulate the evacuation, which combines the bounded rational behaviour and rational decision-making [11,12,50,51]. Adopting the simulation model proposed in Ref.…”

“…In the evacuation scenario, irrational behaviours are inevitable in decision-making [ 6 , 7 , 8 ], in which diverse behaviour patterns emerge [ 9 ]. In principle, “rationality” could describe an optimal strategy that will bring a maximum payoff at both individual and whole levels in game theory [ 10 , 11 ], which can be quantified by, e.g., minimizing escape time in evacuation behaviour [ 8 , 12 ]. Henceforth in the paper, we try to measure the optimality of exit decisions related to escape time in evacuation.…”

“…Here, the deviation from optima is highly related to strategies of processing information [ 11 , 19 , 20 , 21 ], which is regarded as one possible origin of the bounded rationality [ 10 ]. In our study, we specify one of crucial factors as processing heterogeneous information [ 12 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. It includes environment-related attributes and dynamics of surrounding pedestrians [ 6 , 26 , 27 ].…”

“…It includes environment-related attributes and dynamics of surrounding pedestrians [ 6 , 26 , 27 ]. To combine them into a concrete case, we established a simulation model to describe a typical evacuation behaviour in a close space [ 12 ]. Although many works were applying macroscopic or microscopic models to study the evacuation behaviours [ 2 , 9 , 28 , 29 , 30 ], to evaluate individual strategies, micro-models represented by Social force model, CA model, and magnetic field force model [ 31 , 32 , 33 ] could give a more accurate description of individual behaviours [ 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ].…”