Essentials of Polymer Flooding Technique

Thomas, A.

doi:10.1002/9781119537632

Cited by 44 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…However, at even higher flow rates we observe an increase in effective viscosity which is undesired as it poses a problem for injectivity [5]. In the past this phenomenon has been interpreted as "shear thickening" [5,6]; however, such a regime is not usually observed in simple shear. Only very recently has this phenomenon been attributed to a phenomenon termed "elastic turbulence" which is ultimately caused by viscoelastic behavior of the fluid [7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…Shear thinning is a very desirable behavior, because in this way one can design, for instance, for oil recovery applications, a polymer flood such that during injection at the wellbore the viscosity is low, which reduces the required injection pressure, while far away from the wellbore the viscosity is high to increase the efficiency of oil displacement [1]. However, at even higher flow rates we observe an increase in effective viscosity which is undesired as it poses a problem for injectivity [5]. In the past this phenomenon has been interpreted as "shear thickening" [5,6]; however, such a regime is not usually observed in simple shear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Signature of elastic turbulence of viscoelastic fluid flow in a single pore throat

Ekanem

Berg

et al. 2020

Phys. Rev. E

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When a viscoelastic fluid, such as an aqueous polymer solution, flows through a porous medium, the fluid undergoes a repetitive expansion and contraction as it passes from one pore to the next. Above a critical flow rate, the interaction between the viscoelastic nature of the polymer and the pore configuration results in spatial and temporal flow instabilities reminiscent of turbulentlike behavior, even though the Reynolds number Re 1. To investigate whether this is caused by many repeated pore body-pore throat sequences, or simply a consequence of the converging (diverging) nature present in a single pore throat, we performed experiments using anionic hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) in a microfluidic flow geometry representing a single pore throat. This allows the viscoelastic fluid to be characterized at increasing flow rates using microparticle image velocimetry in combination with pressure drop measurements. The key finding is that the effect, popularly known as "elastic turbulence," occurs already in a single pore throat geometry. The critical Deborah number at which the transition in rheological flow behavior from pseudoplastic (shear thinning) to dilatant (shear thickening) strongly depends on the ionic strength, the type of cation in the anionic HPAM solution, and the nature of pore configuration. The transition towards the elastic turbulence regime was found to directly correlate with an increase in normal stresses. The topology parameter, Q f , computed from the velocity distribution, suggests that the "shear thickening" regime, where much of the elastic turbulence occurs in a single pore throat, is a consequence of viscoelastic normal stresses that cause a complex flow field. This flow field consists of extensional, shear, and rotational features around the constriction, as well as upstream and downstream of the constriction. Furthermore, this elastic turbulence regime, has high-pressure fluctuations, with a power-law decay exponent of up to |−2.1| which is higher than the Kolmogorov value for turbulence of |−5/3|.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Signature of elastic turbulence of viscoelastic fluid flow in a single pore throat

Ekanem

Berg

et al. 2020

Phys. Rev. E

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“…Впервые эффект «языкового» прорыва воды от нагнетательных скважин к добывающим был описан в работе [1] Ф. Крейгом. В первую очередь данный факт связан с различием в подвижностях вытесняющего (закачиваемая в пласт вода, в редких случаях газ) и вытесняемого (нефть в пласте) агента, в результате чего нефтяная оторочка размывается и происходит образование канала между добывающей и нагнетательной скважиной.…”

Section: механизм воздействияunclassified

“…Раннее полимер мог использоваться только при температуре не выше 90 градусов, так как при температурах выше происходила термическая деструкция и как следствие потеря полимером его вязкостных свойств. Сегодня, благодаря специальным добавкам сульфо-групп, таким как N-винилпирролидон (НВП) или акриламид-трет-бутилсульфонат (АТБС), границы применимости технологии значительно расширились, и допустимая температура применимости составляет 130 0 С [1].…”

Section: критерии эффективного внедрения технологии полимерного завод...unclassified

The current level and prospects for the development of large-volume injection technologies using polymers to increase oil recovery

Podoprigora

Byazrov

Khristich

2022

The Eurasian Scientific Journal

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Currently, there is a worldwide decline in the level of production while maintaining the level of consumption. At the same time, the newly discovered fields are not able to compensate for the volumes of extracted oil, since the volumes of reserves are mainly small or medium. In this regard, it is relevant to introduce technologies to increase oil recovery at already drilled and developed fields. A promising method of increasing oil recovery is polymer flooding, which has many years of successful experience in both Russia and abroad. Polymer flooding technology consists in adding dry polymer to the injected water in concentrations from 0.05 to 0.25 % in order to increase its viscosity, which in turn contributes to improving the flooding process. The polymer rim equalizes the ratio of mobility in the reservoir and allows oil to be uniformly displaced from reservoirs in which there is a heterogeneity in permeability. The key result in the implementation of the technology is an increase in the oil recovery coefficient by improving the coverage of the reservoir by the flooding process, as well as a gradual increase in water availability, without early water breakthroughs from injection to production wells. This technology has wide limits of applicability and has already proven its effectiveness in various geological and physical conditions. This article will consider the physical basis of exposure, the principle of action, the criteria of applicability, the main groups of chemical reagents, and the accumulated domestic and international experience in the design and implementation of polymer flooding technology, development trends and the main difficulties associated with the introduction of this technology.

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“…[ 15,16 ] Additionally, polymer flooding has been used at field scale for more than 50 years already in more than 13 countries with different degrees of success, and most known limitations have arisen from these field case studies. [ 17,18 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of including a hydrophobic comonomer on the rheology of an acrylamide‐acrylic acid based copolymer

Data

Mattea

Strumia

et al. 2020

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Synthesis and design of polymer systems based on acrylamide for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is essential for reservoirs with high salinity and high temperature conditions. The use of associative monomers or the modification of the polymers with hydrophobic functional groups represents a promising alternative that extends the use of chemical EOR. In this study, terpolymers based on acrylamide, acrylic acid and butyl methacrylate were synthesized and the rheological properties of aqueous solutions of the obtained polymers at different pH values, and salt concentrations were evaluated. The results show that at alkaline conditions the viscosity of aqueous solutions of a polymer synthesized with 68.6 wt% of acrylamide, 22.9 wt% of acrylic acid and 8.6 wt% of butyl methacrylate increases by a factor of more than 1,000 at a 3 wt% concentration. Also, all polymers with the hydrophobic modification showed higher viscosity in saline solutions compared to their acrylamide‐acrylic acid analogue.

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Essentials of Polymer Flooding Technique

Cited by 44 publications

References 0 publications

Signature of elastic turbulence of viscoelastic fluid flow in a single pore throat

Signature of elastic turbulence of viscoelastic fluid flow in a single pore throat

The current level and prospects for the development of large-volume injection technologies using polymers to increase oil recovery

Effect of including a hydrophobic comonomer on the rheology of an acrylamide‐acrylic acid based copolymer

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