¿Está mediada la gravedad delictiva y cronicidad de los delincuentes juveniles por la competencia cognitivo-comportamental?

Abstract

r e s u M e n El estudio de la relación de los problemas de conducta con la competencia cognitiva y comportamental se ha convertido en un referente continuo en la literatura científica. A este respecto, los modelos de Riesgo-NecesidadesResponsividad (RNR) y de la criminología del desarrollo prevén que el nivel de problemas de conducta esté asociado al grado de desarrollo de la competencia cognitiva y comportamental. Desde una perspectiva legal, los problemas de conducta se identifican con la delincuencia, estableciéndose niveles según la gravedad delictiva (delitos con vs. sin violencia) y del delincuente (primarios vs. reincidentes). Para comprobar si estos niveles se reflejan en la competencia cognitiva y comportamental, 283 adolescentes que estaban cumpliendo una condena judicial, 139 (68 reincidentes y 71 primarios) habían cometido un delito violento y 144 sin violencia (77 reincidentes y 67 primarios), fueron evaluados en las medidas de referencia de la competencia cognitiva (e. g., regulación emocional, autoconcepto, atribución de la responsabilidad, resolución de problemas) y comportamental. Los resultados mostraron que la gravedad delictiva es independiente de la competencia cognitiva y comportamental y que la delincuencia cró-nica se relaciona con menor competencia. De estos resultados se derivan consecuencias para el tratamiento de los delincuentes juveniles y para la duración de las condenas que se discuten.Palabras clave problemas de conducta; delincuencia juvenil; comportamiento antisocial; violencia; reincidencia; competencia cognitiva a b s t r a c t The correspondence between juvenile delinquency and cognitive-behavioural competence has been the subject of ongoing concern in the scientific literature. Developmental criminology and Risk-Need-Responsivity (RNR) models have associated offence severity and the chronicity of juvenile delinquency to the degree of cognitive-behavioural development. In terms of the juvenile justice system, delinquent behaviour is classified according to offence severity (violent vs. non-violent offences), and the type of offender (first-time offender vs. chronic offender). In order to assess the nexus between chronic delinquent behaviour and the degree of cognitivebehavioural competence, 283 juveniles serving custodial sentences, 139 for violent offences (71 first-time offenders and 68 reoffenders), and 144 for non-violent offences (77 reoffenders and 67 first-time offenders), were

Socio-cognitive and personal characteristics of young offenders: a field study

“…Theses results, therefore, support the idea that there is a relationship between psychopathology and criminal conduct (Fariña, Arce, & Vázquez, 2014).…”

Needs analysis for the personal, social, and psychological adjustment of adolescents at risk of delinquency and juvenile offenders

“…Similar to the findings of present study, psychological instability was also found to be a characteristic of adolescents in foster care ( (Bastiaanssen, Delsing, Kroes, Engels, & Veerman, 2014). Moreover, deficiencies in these health markers have been found to be vehicles of recidivism (Basanta et al, 2018;Fariña et al, 2014;Novo et al, 2012). However, the magnitude of harm and its effect on mental health markers remains unclear.…”

Child-to-parent violence: The role of exposure to violence and its relationship to social-cognitive processing

“…On the other hand, regarding the mechanisms by which violence exposure would influence the development of aggressive behaviors, social-cognitive processing variables could be crucial, as previous literature highlights the role of hostile attributions and the lack of social problem-solving skills in aggressive children who have been maltreated (e.g., Molina, & Cano, 2011;Dodge & Pettit, 2003). The lack of cognitive competence (i.e., social problem-solving skills, biases in attribution process), discriminating delinquent and antisocial adolescents from non-deviant ones (Arce, Fariña, & Vázquez, 2011) is also related with offence severity and chronicity in juvenile delinquency (Fariña, Arce, & Vázquez, 2014). Moreover, previous studies with legal and community samples in the field of CPV note the relevance of these variables in adolescents who assault their parents Calvete, Gámez-Guadix, & García-Salvador, 2014;Contreras & Cano, 2014a, 2015.…”