Establishment and fecundity of Ostertagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus colubriformis in lambs fed lotus (Lotus pedunculatus) or perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne)

Niezen, J.H.; Waghorn, G. C.; Charleston, W.A.G.

doi:10.1016/s0304-4017(98)00121-6

Cited by 87 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…However, under controlled experiments, no anthelmintic activity has been demonstrated (Hordegen et al, 2003). In addition, there is a large number of grazing forages, including Lotus pedunculatus and Hedysarum coronarium, whose anthelmintic activity has been shown to be rather inconsistent across the various studies around the world (Niezen et al, 1998;Garcia et al, 2003;Marley et al, 2003;Athanasiadou et al, 2005;Tzamaloukas et al, 2005).…”

Section: Studies On the Whole Plant: Strengths And Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a consequence, it is not uncommon to observe high anthelmintic efficacy of medicinal plants when their extracts are tested in vitro (Athanasiadou et al, 2001a;Ketzis et al, 2002;Paolini et al, 2004;Barrau et al, 2005) or when offered as a medicinal supplement (Athanasiadou et al, 2001a;Butter et al, 2001). However, efficacy is not near as high when whole plants are offered to parasitised hosts (Niezen et al, 1998 andTzamaloukas et al, 2005). Furthermore, in vitro models are often used to validate plant extracts, without the simultaneous use of in vivo experimentation.…”

Section: Studies On the Whole Plant: Strengths And Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Medicinal plants for helminth parasite control: facts and fiction

Athanasiadou

Githiori

Kyriazakis

2007

Animal

199

129

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The use of medicinal plants for the prevention and treatment of gastro-intestinal parasitism has its origin in ethnoveterinary medicine. Although until recently the majority of the evidence on the antiparasitic activity of medicinal plants was anecdotal and lacked scientific validity, there is currently an increasing number of controlled experimental studies that aim to verify and quantify such plant activity. There are indeed a large number of plants whose anthelmintic activity has been demonstrated under controlled experimentation, either through feeding the whole plant or administering plant extracts to parasitised hosts. However, contrary to traditional expectation, there are also a great number of plants with purported antiparasitic properties, which have not been reproduced under experimental conditions. In this paper, we discuss the source of such inconsistencies between ethnoveterinary wisdom and scientific experimentation. We focus on the strengths and weaknesses of the existing methodologies used in the controlled studies to determine the activity of antiparasitic plants. We discuss issues like the seasonal and environmental variability of the plant composition, and how this can affect their antiparasitic properties and highlight the importance of identifying the mechanisms of action of such plants and the target parasite species. In addition to their antiparasitic properties, medicinal plants may also have anti-nutritional properties, which can affect animal performance and behaviour. For this reason, we emphasise the need for considering additional dimensions when evaluating medicinal plants. We also question whether using similar criteria as those used for the evaluation of anthelmintics is the way forward. We propose that a holistic approach is required to evaluate the potential of medicinal plants in parasite control and maximise their benefits on parasitised hosts. Keywords: bioactive plants, ethnoveterinary medicine, medicinal plants, parasites, ruminants IntroductionFor centuries, medicinal plants have been used to combat parasitism, and in many parts of the world are still used for this purpose. In ethnoveterinary medicine, which draws inspiration from traditional practice, there seems to be a range of plant/s or plant extract suitable for treating almost every parasitic disease of livestock (International Institute of Rural Reconstruction (IIRR), 1994). For example, seeds of garlic, onion and mint have been used to treat animals that suffer from gastro-intestinal parasitism, whereas extracts of the tobacco plant have been used to treat the skin of livestock afflicted with external parasites (Guarrera, 1999). Leaves, dried flowers and oil from Chenopodium ambrosioides, a shrub that originated from Central America and has been distributed around the world, have all been used as anthelmintics since the early 1900s (Guarrera, 1999).Reports from around the world include exhaustive lists of plants that have been reported to have medicinal properties (Hammond et al., 1997;Akhtar et al., 2000;Waller ...

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Section: Studies On the Whole Plant: Strengths And Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Studies On the Whole Plant: Strengths And Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Medicinal plants for helminth parasite control: facts and fiction

Athanasiadou

Githiori

Kyriazakis

2007

Animal

199

129

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“…They were kept immersed in four liters of water for four hours. After that, each herbage sample was transferred to another bucket containing four liters of water, remaining immersed for further three hours, thus totaling seven hours of herbage sample immersion in water (NIEZEN et al, 1998).…”

Section: L3 Recovery From Herbage and Fecal Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of Trichostrongylus colubriformis infective larvae from three grass species contaminated in the autumn

Rocha

Bricarello

Rocha

et al. 2012

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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This experiment aimed to assess the recovery of infective larvae (L3) of Trichostrongylus colubriformis from Brachiaria decumbens cv. Australiana, Cynodon dactylon cv. Coast-cross and Panicum maximum cv. Aruana. The experimental module comprised six plots, with two plots per herbage species. Larval survival was assessed from autumn to winter, under the effect of two herbage-paring heights (5 and 30 cm). TThe paring was carried out immediately before contamination with faces containing T. colubriformis eggs. The feces and herbage were collected at one, two, four, eight, 12 and 16 weeks after feces had been deposited in the experimental plots. In general, larvae were recovered from both herbage and feces until the 16 th week. The longer persistence of these larvae in the environment was probably due to warmer temperatures. The number of L3 recovered from the pasture was not influenced by the height of plants, except for Brachiaria and Aruana herbage in the fourth week. Regarding the concentrations of larvae per kg of dry matter (L3/kg DM), recovery was higher from low pasture in all three herbage species. During the autumn, the development and survival of the T. colubriformis free-living stages were not affected by the different herbage species.Keywords: Herbages, sheep, epidemiology, Trichostrongylus colubriformis, nematodes. ResumoO experimento teve como objetivo avaliar a recuperação de larvas infectantes (L3) de Trichostrongylus colubriformis em Brachiaria decumbens cv. Australiana, Cynodon dactylon cv. Coast-cross e Panicum maximum cv. Aruana. Foram utilizados módulos experimentais constituídos por seis canteiros, perfazendo dois canteiros por espécie forrageira. A sobrevivência larval foi avaliada do outono até o inverno, sob o efeito de duas alturas de poda (5 e 30 cm). A poda foi realizada imediatamente antes da deposição das fezes contaminadas com ovos de T. colubriformis. A colheita das fezes e da forragem foi realizada uma, duas, quatro, oito, 12 e 16 semanas após a deposição das fezes nos canteiros experimentais. De modo geral, foram recuperadas larvas das forragens e das fezes até a 16ª semana. Essas larvas persistiram por mais tempo no ambiente, provavelmente em razão das temperaturas mais amenas. O número de L3 recuperadas nas pastagens não foi influenciado pela altura das plantas, exceto nos capins braquiária e aruana na quarta semana. Já em relação às concentrações de larvas (L3/kg MS) recuperadas das três forrageiras, houve maior concentração nas pastagens baixas. Durante o outono, o desenvolvimento e a sobrevivência de estádios de vida livre de T. colubriformis não foram afetados pelos diferentes tipos de espécies de forrageiras.

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“…Como já citado é sabido que a infecção se faz nas pastagens. Alguns autores (Niezen et al, 1998a, Niezen et al, 1998b relataram que animais em diferentes pastos não apresentam mesmos níveis de carga parasitária, sendo necessária a investigação da influência das mesmas, para a geração de escolhas de forrageiras e manejos sanitários de pastagem adequados (Gazda et al, 2012).…”

Section: Características Morfológicas Das Plantas Forrageiras E Sua Iunclassified

Gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep of cutting under grazing regime

Roberto

Difante

Zaros³

et al. 2018

Pubvet

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RESUMO.A ovinocultura se faz atuante em praticamente todos os continentes, a ampla difusão da espécie se deve principalmente a seu poder de adaptação. Devido aos fatores geoclimáticos, os países tropicais e subtropicais se destacam e se estabelecem no cenário agropecuário, e o Brasil não se torna exceção nesse mercado. O Brasil por possuir parte considerável do rebanho produzido em pasto, que se constitui em uma das formas econômicas e práticas de produzir e oferecer volumoso aos ruminantes, é um dos principais produtores de carne a um dos menores custos de produção. Os climas tropicais e subtropicais além de favorecer condições ideais para a produção e desenvolvimento dos setores agrícolas e pecuários como, por exemplo, o cultivo de pastagens e a criação de ruminantes, também proporciona condições favoráveis para o desenvolvimento e sobrevivência dos nematoides gastrintestinais, que por sua vez atuam negativamente no desempenho dos animais, em especial, os ovinos. Os nematoides gastrintestinais quando não controlados podem causar prejuízos de 30 a 40% no desempenho animal, principalmente o comprometendo no desenvolvimento de animais jovens e de matrizes em período reprodutivo que são as categorias mais sensíveis, e que estão intimamente ligados ao crescimento do plantel. Os principais nematoides que acometem os pequenos ruminantes e de maior importância econômica para e exploração de ovinos são:Haemonchus contortus e Trichostrongylus axei, ambos localizados no abomaso; Trichostrongylus colubriformis, Strongyloides papillousus, Cooperia sp. e Bunostomum trigonocephalum, no intestino delgado e Oesophagostomum columbianum, Trichuris ovis, T. globulosa e Skrjabinema sp., no intestino grosso. Características morfofisiológicas das plantas forrageiras como a estrutura foliar, hábito de crescimento e produção de massa verde, associados a fatores climáticos, podem ser fatores que influenciam a permanência dos diferentes estágios de vida livre dos nematoides gastrintestinais no ambiente, pastos que não proporcionam incidência de raios solares no estrato inferior das touceiras e solos, propiciam sombreamento e umidade podendo potencializar a reinfecção dos animais. Palavras chave: endoparasitos, Haemonchus contortus, ovinos, pastoGastrointestinal nematodes in sheep of cutting under grazing regime ABSTRACT. Sheep breeding is practiced in practically all the continents, the wide diffusion of the species is due mainly to its power of adaptation. Due to geoclimatic factors, tropical and subtropical countries stand out and settle in the agricultural scenario, and Brazil does not become an exception in this market. Brazil, because it has a considerable part of the herd produced in pasture, which is one of the economic and practical ways of producing and offering bulky ruminants, is one of the main meat producers at one of the lowest production costs. Tropical and subtropical climates, in addition to favoring optimal

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Establishment and fecundity of Ostertagia circumcincta and Trichostrongylus colubriformis in lambs fed lotus (Lotus pedunculatus) or perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne)

Cited by 87 publications

References 24 publications

Medicinal plants for helminth parasite control: facts and fiction

Medicinal plants for helminth parasite control: facts and fiction

Recovery of Trichostrongylus colubriformis infective larvae from three grass species contaminated in the autumn

Gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep of cutting under grazing regime

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