Estimated Dietary Polyphenol Intake and Major Food and Beverage Sources among Elderly Japanese

Abstract

Estimating polyphenol intake contributes to the understanding of polyphenols’ health benefits. However, information about human polyphenol intake is scarce, especially in the elderly. This study aimed to estimate the dietary intake and major sources of polyphenols and to determine whether there is any relationship between polyphenol intake and micronutrient intake in healthy elderly Japanese. First, 610 subjects (569 men, 41 women; aged 67.3 ± 6.1 years) completed food frequency questionnaires. We then calculated their total polyphenol intake using our polyphenol content database. Their average total polyphenol intake was 1492 ± 665 mg/day, the greatest part of which was provided by beverages (79.1%). The daily polyphenol intake differed largely among individuals (183–4854 mg/day), also attributable mostly to beverage consumption. Coffee (43.2%) and green tea (26.6%) were the major sources of total polyphenol; the top 20 food items accounted for >90%. The polyphenol intake did not strongly correlate with the intake of any micronutrient, suggesting that polyphenols may exert health benefits independently of nutritional intake. The polyphenol intake in this elderly population was slightly higher than previous data in Japanese adults, and beverages such as coffee and green tea contributed highly to the intake.

Dietary Polyphenol Intake Estimated by 7-Day Dietary Records among Japanese Male Workers: Evaluation of the Within- and Between-Individual Variation

“…As for the estimation of dietary polyphenol, we used our original database of the polyphenol content of 627 items; the main values from this database were described in previous reports (12,13,15). We calculated the daily polyphenol intake by matching the food consumption data from DRs with the polyphenol content in the foods and beverages.…”

“…Our previous studies consistently identified that beverages accounted for approx. 80% of the total intake, and that coffee and green tea were the major sources of dietary polyphenol in Japanese populations (12)(13)(14)(15).…”

“…We have developed an original polyphenol content database and estimated the total polyphenol intake in several Japanese populations using non-weighed dietary records (DRs) (only for beverages or menu-based diet) or food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) (12)(13)(14)(15). Our previous studies consistently identified that beverages accounted for approx.…”

“…24-h dietary recall (8)(9)(10)(11)16), FFQs (15,(17)(18)(19)(20), and several-day food diaries (13,21), no methodological study has been performed to estimate polyphenol intake. Dietary assess-ment is usually conducted for the purpose of ranking individuals within a group, or assessing an individual's usual intake.…”

Quantities of Phospholipid Molecular Classes in Japanese Meals and Prediction of Their Sources by Multiple Regression Analysis

“…Although contents of functional ingredients, such as PLs or polyphenols, have not been described in the food composition tables, researchers have to sum their contents in foods listed in the literature. In fact, the intake of a food material rich in a specific ingredient, such as in polyphenols (17,18) or flavonoids, has been estimated as one-day or one-meal intake. However, ingredients such as PLs, especially PC, are contained in many types of food material.…”