Estimated Water Flows in 2005: United States

Abstract

Flow charts depicting water use in the United States have been constructed from publicly available data and estimates of water use patterns. Approximately 410,500 million gallons per day of water are managed throughout the United States for use in farming, power production, residential, commercial, and industrial applications. Water is obtained from four major resource classes: fresh surface-water, saline (ocean) surface-water, fresh groundwater and saline (brackish) groundwater. Water that is not consumed or evaporated during its use is returned to surface bodies of water. The flow patterns are represented in a compact "visual atlas" of 52 state-level (all 50 states in addition to Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands) and one national water flow chart representing a comprehensive systems view of national water resources, use, and disposition.

The Economic Analysis of Water Use in the Water Framework Directive Based on the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting for Water: A Case Study of the Guadalquivir River Basin

“…Curmi et al [40] describe several developments of Sankey diagrams related to water and show results of a stochastic water model using this kind of diagram. Smith et al [41] produced a Sankey diagram of water flows in the economy for each state in the USA and Kumar et al [42] developed separate Sankey diagrams for water use and allocation.…”

A survey of analytical methods for inclusion in a new energy-water nexus knowledge discovery framework

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