Estimates for Operators Related to the Sub-Laplacian with Drift in Heisenberg Groups

Abstract

In the Heisenberg group of dimension $$2n+1$$ 2 n + 1 , we consider the sub-Laplacian with a drift in the horizontal coordinates. There is a related measure for which this operator is symmetric. The corresponding Riesz transforms are known to be $$L^p$$ L p bounded with respect to this measure. We prove that the Riesz transforms of order 1 are also of weak type (1, 1), and that this is false for order 3 and above. Further, we consider the related maximal Littlewood–Paley–Stein operators and prove the weak type (1, 1) for those of order 1 and disprove it for higher orders.