“…Marshes are the main type of wetland and marsh vegetation plays an important role in carbon sequestration in marsh ecosystems (Yuan & Yuan, 2017). Net primary productivity (NPP) is an important indicator of carbon sequestration capacity (Nayak et al., 2010; Pachavo & Murwira, 2014; Reyer et al., 2014) and is widely used to understand carbon storage in marsh ecosystems (Alongi, 2020; Mngadi et al., 2022; Zhang et al., 2014). Studies have shown that climate variation can change vegetation coverage, growth conditions, and growing season duration (Goodwin et al., 2021; H. Liu et al., 2018; Lu et al., 2019; Sun et al., 2021; Shen, Liu, Henderson, et al., 2022; Shen, Liu, Liu, et al., 2022; Yang et al., 2021; Zarei et al., 2021).…”