Estimating and measuring glomerular filtration rate in children

Work, Dana F.; Schwartz, George J.

doi:10.1097/mnh.0b013e3282fb77f2

Cited by 38 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…One can determine GFR in a subject either by exogenous or endogenous markers or can estimate by one of the several formulae suggested by many investigators (1,37). However, determination of GFR by these markers can be time consuming and technically difficult.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is widely used to characterize renal function across different age groups (preterm neonates to adults) and the knowledge of GFR is helpful for the adjustment of dose in children and adults for those drugs which are primarily eliminated by the renal route (1). GFR is generally determined by estimating the clearance of endogenous markers such as creatinine or cystatin-C and exogenously administered substances such as inulin, mannitol, iohexol, or 51 Cr-ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid ( 51 Cr-EDTA) (1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GFR is generally determined by estimating the clearance of endogenous markers such as creatinine or cystatin-C and exogenously administered substances such as inulin, mannitol, iohexol, or 51 Cr-ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid ( 51 Cr-EDTA) (1). Besides determining GFR experimentally, equations with endogenous markers (such as Cockcroft-Gault and Schwartz formula) have been developed for everyday clinical use (1). These equations are intended to replace GFR (measured by inulin or creatinine clearance) as the use of these equations for GFR estimation may save time and effort.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prediction of Human Glomerular Filtration Rate from Preterm Neonates to Adults: Evaluation of Predictive Performance of Several Empirical Models

Mahmood

Staschen

2016

AAPS J

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Abstract. The objective of this study was to evaluate the predictive performance of several allometric empirical models (body weight dependent, age dependent, fixed exponent 0.75, a data-dependent single exponent, and maturation models) to predict glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in preterm and term neonates, infants, children, and adults without any renal disease. In this analysis, the models were developed from GFR data obtained from inulin clearance (preterm neonates to adults; n = 93) and the predictive performance of these models were evaluated in 335 subjects (preterm neonates to adults). The primary end point was the prediction of GFR from the empirical allometric models and the comparison of the predicted GFR with measured GFR. A prediction error within ±30% was considered acceptable. Overall, the predictive performance of the four models (BDE, ADE, and two maturation models) for the prediction of mean GFR was good across all age groups but the prediction of GFR in individual healthy subjects especially in neonates and infants was erratic and may be clinically unacceptable.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prediction of Human Glomerular Filtration Rate from Preterm Neonates to Adults: Evaluation of Predictive Performance of Several Empirical Models

Mahmood

Staschen

2016

AAPS J

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“…Estimated GFR (eGFR) was calculated using the four-variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula for adults (18) and the Schwartz formula for children younger than 18 years of age (19). Rate of decline in renal clearance function was determined by fitting a straight line through available data for eGFR using the principle of least squares for each patient (Table 1).…”

Section: Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress and Galactose-Deficient IgA1 as Markers of Progression in IgA Nephropathy

Camilla

Suzuki

Daprà

et al. 2011

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

107

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Summary Background and objectives We assessed the activation of the oxidative stress pathway in patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN), while evaluating the classic marker of the disease (galactose-deficient serum IgA1). Design, setting, participants, & measurements Sera from 292 patients and 69 healthy controls from Italy and the United States were assayed for advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), free sulfhydryl groups on albumin (SH-Alb), and IgA1 with galactose-deficient hinge-region O-glycans (Gd-IgA1). Gd-IgA1 was detected by binding to Helix aspersa agglutinin (HAA) and expressed as total Gd-IgA1 or as degree of galactose deficiency relative to a standard Gd-IgA1 myeloma protein (%HAA). Results Sera from IgAN patients showed higher levels of Gd-IgA1, %HAA, and AOPPs, but lower levels of SH-Alb in comparison to that from healthy controls. Serum levels of AOPPs significantly correlated with serum Gd-IgA1 and %HAA. The relationship between these biomarkers and clinical features at sampling and during follow-up was assessed in 62 patients with long-term follow-up. AOPPs and %HAA correlated with proteinuria at sampling and independently associated with subsequent proteinuria. Levels of AOPPs correlated with rate of decline in renal function after sampling. The combination of a high level of AOPPs and a high level of %HAA associated with decline in estimated GFR. Conclusions Serum levels of aberrantly glycosylated IgA1 are elevated and oxidative stress pathways are activated in patients with IgAN; the intensity of the stress correlated with expression and progression of the disease. We speculate that oxidative stress may modulate the nephrotoxicity of aberrantly glycosylated IgA1 in IgAN.

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“…Assessing renal function in the first days of life is difficult in clinical practice. Because serum creatinine (Scr) poorly reflects kidney function, GFR estimation is rather inaccurate in neonates (16). Therefore, GFR may be estimated via drugs completely eliminated via the renal route (17 -19) or in an alternative way (20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetic Variability of Amikacin After Once-Daily and Twice-Daily Dosing Regimen in Full-Term Neonates

Vučićević¹,

Rakonjac

Miljković³

et al. 2014

J Pharmacol Sci

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Abstract. The purpose of the study was to compare peak (C peak ) and trough (C trough ) amikacin levels after twice-daily (TD) or once-daily dosing (OD) in full-term neonates. Additionally, the study aimed to address amikacin pharmacokinetics and its variability. Data included 31 patients born on term. Amikacin daily dose was 15 or 20 mg/kg depending on the neonate's age. Patients randomly received amikacin every 12 or 24 h. In all patients corresponding C peak and C trough were taken. Volume of distribution (Vd), clearance (CL) and half-life (t 1/2 ) were calculated. Mean C peak of 21.79 mg/ml in the TD group was statistically different from C peak of 36.39 mg/ml in the OD group. Average C trough in TD (5.67 mg/ml) was statistically different from the corresponding 3.99 mg/ml in the OD group. Mean amikacin Vd, CL, and t 1/2 were 0.78 ± 0.38 l/kg, 86.99 ± 48.22 ml/h•kg, and 6.81 ± 2.51 h, respectively. High interindividual pharmacokinetic variability was observed. Further analysis showed that neonatal age contributed to the pharmacokinetic parameters' values. Statistically significant difference in CL and t 1/2 was observed between patients age ≤ 2 and > 2 days on therapy initiation. As expected, amikacin given OD achieved higher C peak and lower C trough than TD. Based on the results, observed variability in amikacin pharmacokinetics was possibly due to the renal maturation process.

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Estimating and measuring glomerular filtration rate in children

Cited by 38 publications

References 36 publications

Prediction of Human Glomerular Filtration Rate from Preterm Neonates to Adults: Evaluation of Predictive Performance of Several Empirical Models

Prediction of Human Glomerular Filtration Rate from Preterm Neonates to Adults: Evaluation of Predictive Performance of Several Empirical Models

Oxidative Stress and Galactose-Deficient IgA1 as Markers of Progression in IgA Nephropathy

Pharmacokinetic Variability of Amikacin After Once-Daily and Twice-Daily Dosing Regimen in Full-Term Neonates

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