Estimating the Optimum Tilt Angles for South-Facing Surfaces in Palestine

Abdallah, Ramez; Juaidi, Adel; Abdel-Fattah, Salameh; Manzano‐Agugliaro, Francisco

doi:10.3390/en13030623

Cited by 55 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Kallioglu et al 3 predicted the optimum tilt angles in Turkey and the northern hemisphere by fitting the regression equation between latitude and tilt angle. Abdallah et al 4 established a mathematical model between latitude and tilt angle to determine the optimum tilt angle and calculated the daily, monthly, seasonal, semiannual and annual solar irradiation when the PV modules face south. However, the accuracy of these prediction on optimum angle is not guaranteed because of the limitations of insufficient influencing factors.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on optimum tilt angle of photovoltaic module based on regional clustering of influencing factors of power generation

Liu

et al. 2021

Int J Energy Res

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This study proposes a methodology to optimize photovoltaic (PV) module tilt angle based on regional clustering and cost evaluation. The factors that affect the power generation of PV module have significant geographical differences and coupling characteristics, and the impact of each influencing factor varies at different installation parameters. Initially, this paper performs clustering analysis on the geographical regions of mainland China to obtain 10 geographic regional classifications based on the consistency of impact degree of influencing factors. A PV module power generation prediction model is constructed by considering the influence of environmental and installation factors comprehensively and then the optimum tilt angle is further obtained. Application results in Wuhan City verifies the accuracy and validity of the proposed model with a relative root mean square error (% RMSE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 1.9% and 1.66%, respectively. Subsequently, the model is applied to the power generation prediction of PV module in Hangzhou City.The results indicate that the optimum angle of the PV module is affected by the cleaning cycle. To investigate the relationship between the cleaning cycle and the optimum tilt angle, a novel cost evaluation model that considers the power loss and cleaning costs is proposed. Based on this proposed model, the optimum combination of cleaning cycle and tilt angle in Hangzhou City, namely, 15 days and 22 , is determined. The results are suitable for all the regions that belong to the same regional category with Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province. The model and analysis method given in this research can provide theoretical support for determining the optimum tilt angle and cleaning cycle of PV module in different clustering regions.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on optimum tilt angle of photovoltaic module based on regional clustering of influencing factors of power generation

Liu

et al. 2021

Int J Energy Res

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“…The characteristics of these systems are illustrated in Table 2. The electricity harvesting at the converter outlet and DC power produced by PV panel was computed using Equations (15) and (16), respectively. Figure 6 shows a comparison between the output production of above actual installations and the results of this study as well as other PVGIS models.…”

Section: Energy Yield Calculation For Silicon Solar Panel With Arbitrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Theoretical and experimental studies have illustrated that the actual harvesting efficiency, which is usually lower than the efficiency under standard test conditions, varies during the year and the drop in harvesting efficiency can be attributed to irradiance and temperature as major loss channels [12,13]. Other studies have addressed that angle of incidence is intimately related to the irradiance on a solar panel surface and an increase in electricity production of a PV system can be adapted by optimizing the panel orientation [14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calculating the Energy Yield of Si-Based Solar Cells for Belgium and Vietnam Regions at Arbitrary Tilt and Orientation under Actual Weather Conditions

Nguyen

Lauwaert

2020

Energies

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Predicting actual energy harvesting of a photovoltaic (PV) installation as per site-specific conditions is essential, from the customer’s point of view, to choose suitable PV technologies as well as orientations, since most PVs usually have been designed and evaluated under standard illumination. Hence, the tendency lives in the PV community to evaluate the performance on the energy yield and not purely on the efficiency. The major drawback is that weather conditions play an important role, and recording solar spectra in different orientations is an expensive and time-consuming business. We, therefore, present a model to calculate the daily, monthly and annual energy yield of Si-based PV installations included in commercial panels as well as tandem solar cells. This methodology will be used to evaluate the benefit of potential new technologies for domestic and building integrated applications. The first advantage of such a numerical model is that the orientation of solar panels and their properties can be easily varied without extra experiments. The second advantage is that this method can be transferred to other locations since it is based on a minimum of input parameters. In this paper, the energy yield of PV installations for different regions in Belgium and Vietnam will be calculated.

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“…Different resources exist that provide estimates of optimal tilt angles for certain locations. Some literature provides the values of λ � ϕ ± 20°, λ � ϕ ± 8°, λ � ϕ ± 5°, and λ � ϕ ± 15° [16][17][18], where λ represents the tilt angle and ϕ is the geographical latitude. In Kenya, for example, all major solar installation companies use a static tilt angle of 15°for all installations regardless of the specific location in the country.…”

Section: Review Of Industry Practice In Determination Of Solar Pv Enementioning

confidence: 99%

“…e angle between the incident sunlight and the panel normal is θ and is calculated using the following equation: cos θ � sin(φ − λ)sin δ + cos(φ − λ)cos δ cos ω(t). (16) Finally, to calculate the solar intensity that will fall on the solar panel surface, I P is used in the following equation:…”

Section: Photovoltaic Energy Generation: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maximization of Site-Specific Solar Photovoltaic Energy Generation through Tilt Angle and Sun-Hours Optimization

Makenzi

Muguthu

Murimi

2020

Journal of Renewable Energy

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Many photovoltaic solar projects do not achieve optimum energy and power outputs due to poor technical sizing and system design approaches. Concerns on low-conversion rates, high intermittencies, and high-capital costs still haunt PV projects. The establishment of design methodologies that would result in increased outputs from solar arrays is crucial in addressing the aforementioned issues. The tilt angles of installed PV modules are critical factors that influence the power output of solar modules. Several resources are available that provide generic linear fits and estimation of tilt angles for various global regions. However, very few are capable of determining precise, location-specific tilt angles that would allow for optimal power output and energy generation. This paper presents a methodology developed to establish the optimum tilt angles for solar panels installed at specific locations, thus ensuring maximum energy generation. The modeling is based on the maximization of the solar irradiation incident on the surface of a PV panel by considering multiple site-specific variables. Different sets of transcendent equations have been derived which were used to calculate optimum tilt angles and the subsequent energy generation from specific configurations of photovoltaic arrays. The resulting algorithms were used to determine optimum tilt angles and energy generation for solar PV installations in Athi River, Kenya. Dynamic and static optimal tilt angles were compared with the region’s baseline industry practice of using a fixed tilt angle of 15◦. It was observed that the dynamic tilt angles improved the daily solar energy output by up to 6.15%, while the computed optimal static tilt angle provided a 2.87% output increment. This improvement presents a significant impact on the technical specification of the PV system with a consequent reduction in the investment and operational cost of such installations. It further demonstrated that the use of the optimum static tilt angle results in cost and space savings of up to 2.8% as compared to the standard industry practice. Additionally, 5.8% cost and space savings were attained by the utilization of dynamic tilt angles.

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Estimating the Optimum Tilt Angles for South-Facing Surfaces in Palestine

Cited by 55 publications

References 27 publications

Research on optimum tilt angle of photovoltaic module based on regional clustering of influencing factors of power generation

Research on optimum tilt angle of photovoltaic module based on regional clustering of influencing factors of power generation

Calculating the Energy Yield of Si-Based Solar Cells for Belgium and Vietnam Regions at Arbitrary Tilt and Orientation under Actual Weather Conditions

Maximization of Site-Specific Solar Photovoltaic Energy Generation through Tilt Angle and Sun-Hours Optimization

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