Estimation of antioxidant, antimicrobial activity and brine shrimp toxicity of plants collected from Oymyakon region of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Russia

Abstract

BackgroundSeveral plants are reported to be produced various biological active compounds. Lichens from the extreme environments such as high altitude, high UV, drought and cold are believed to be synthesized unique types of secondary metabolites than the other one. Several human pathogenic bacteria and fungi have been muted into drug resistant strains. Various synthetic antioxidant compounds have posed carcinogenic effects. This phenomenon needs further research for new effective drugs of natural origin. This manuscript aimed to screen new source of biological active compounds from plants of subarctic origin.ResultsA total of 114 plant species, including 80 species of higher plants, 19 species of lichens and 15 species of mosses, were collected from Oymyakon region of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Russia (63˚20′N, 141˚42′E–63˚15′N, 142˚27′E). Antimicrobial, DPPH free radical scavenging and brine shrimp (Artemia salina) toxicity of all crude extract were evaluated. The obtained result was analyzed and compared with commercial standards. A total of 28 species of higher plants showed very strong antioxidant activity (DPPH IC50, 0.45-5.0 μg/mL), 13 species showed strong activity (DPPH IC50, 5-10 μg/mL), 22 species showed moderate antioxidant activity (DPPH IC50,10-20 μg/mL) and 17 species showed weak antioxidant activity (DPPH IC50 more than 20 μg/mL). Similarly, 3 species of lichen showed strong antioxidant activity, one species showed moderate and 15 species showed weak DPPH reducing activity. In addition, 4 species of mosses showed moderate antioxidant activity and 11 species showed weak antioxidant activity. Similarly, extracts of 51 species of higher plants showed antimicrobial (AM) activity against Staphylococcus aureus and 2 species showed AM activity against Candida albicans. Similarly, 11 species of lichen showed AM activity against S. aureus and 3 species showed AM activity against Escherichia coli. One species of moss showed AM activity against S. aureus. And finally, one species of higher plant Rheum compactum and one species of lichen Flavocetraria cucullata showed the toxicity against Brine shrimp larvae in 100 μg/mL of concentration.ConclusionThe experimental results showed that subarctic plant species could be potential sources of various biologically active natural compounds.

Emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds from arctic shrub litter are coupled with changes in the bacterial community composition

“…Terpenoids, which were highly emitted from the C. tetragona litter, are known to have microbial growth inhibiting properties (Junker and Tholl, 2013). More specifically, a screening of 80 vascular plant extracts for their antimicrobial properties showed that C. tetragona was one of two species expressing moderate to very strong antimicrobial activity (Paudel et al, 2014) and this may explain the inconsistent changes in relative abundance of bacteria during the incubation period on this litter.…”

Screening of Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity from the Soft Corals Sinularia sp. and Sarcophyton sp. Origin Palu Bay, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia

“…The results showed that the crude extracts of all soft corals have shown different antibacterial activities against S. aureus and E. coli. According to the category of inhibition zone by Paudel et al (2014), there are four categories of antibacterial activity: very strong (inhibition zone ø 20 mm), strong (inhibition zone, ø 15 -20 mm), moderate (inhibition zone ø 10 -15 mm), and weak (inhibition zone ø 10 mm). The crude extracts of all soft corals showed various antibacterial potentials from very strong to weak against S. aureus and E. coli bacteria.…”

Menyanthes trifoliata L. – der Fieberklee

“…In einem weiteren Testassay mit Phosphormolybdän erwies sich dieser Extrakt ebenfalls als stark antioxidativ wirksam [7]. Dagegen war ein methanolischer Extrakt aus Fieberklee (Pflanzenteil nicht angegeben) im DPPH-Test inaktiv [19]. Eine andere Arbeitsgruppe kam zu dem Ergebnis, dass methanolische Rhizom-und Blattextrakte die DNA von Mitochondrien und Zellkernen gegen Schäden durch Radikale schützen [13].…”

“…enterica und Pseudomonas aeruginosa [7]. Mit der gleichen Methode wurde für einen methanolischen Extrakt aus Fieberklee (Pflanzenteil nicht angegeben) eine moderate antimikrobielle Wirkung gegen Staphylococcus aureus beobachtet, während dieser Extrakt gegen Escherichia coli und Candida albicans inaktiv war [19]. In einem weiteren Screening erwies sich ein ethanolischer Extrakt aus den Blättern von M. trifoliata im Agardilutionstest als entweder inaktiv oder mäßig aktiv gegen zahlreiche aerobe Bakterien, u. a. diverse Staphylococcusaureus-Stämme, weitere Staphylococcus-Arten, Pseudomonas maltophila und Bacillus subtilis mit minimalen Hemmkonzentrationen von 100 µg/ml; eine gewisse Aktivität dieses Extraktes wurde gegen die Keime Streptococcus pyogenes und zwei Corynebacterium-Arten beobachtet (minimale Hemmkonzentrationen von 20 µg/ ml).…”