Estimation of erythrocyte parameters of general blood analysis in patients with SARS-CoV-2 -associated pneumonia

Abstract

The study of the features and dynamics of the erythrocyte parameters of general blood analysis in patients with cardiovascular diseases who underwent SARS-CoV-2 associated pneumonia is of great practical importance. That was a prospective study. The study included 106 patients with SARS-CoV-2-associated pneumonia. All patients were divided into 2 groups. The first group included 51 patients without CVD, the second group included 55 patients with CVD .Patients in both groups underwent laboratory examination of blood samples at the time of hospitalization and 3 months after discharge from the hospital. Parameters of the erythroid series of the general blood test were assessed. Among inflammatory biomarkers, we examined the concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP), high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) and homocysteine. Initially all patients underwent computed tomography of the chest organs. Revealed what indicators of the erythroid series in the groups of patients with and without CVD had significant differences in a number of parameters: ESR; RDW-SD and RDW-CV with significant excess of parameters in group 2. Three months after discharge from the hospital, patients in both groups had a significant increase in HCT, MCV, MCH. There was detected decrease in both groups in MCHC, RDW-CV (p<0.001 for all parameters), ESR level in group 2.At baseline, CRP exceeded reference values in both groups of patients, reaching maximum values in group 2. After 3 months CRP decreased significantly only in group 1. Increased CRP was associated with elevated hs-CRP in 3 months after discharge and elevated homocysteine levels in both groups, indicating the persistence of prolonged inflammatory vascular reaction in patients after SARS-CoV-2 associated pneumonia, more pronounced in group 2 patients. RDW-CV over 13.6 and lymphocytes / CRP less than 0.6 increase the likelihood of having lung tissue damage over 50% by 9.3 and 5.9 times, respectively. Thus, the data obtained confirm that RDW-CV, the coefficient of variation of erythrocyte distribution width, associated with the parameters of inflammatory response and the lymphocytes / CRP is lung volume marker and of COVID-19 severity. Careful consideration of already known laboratory parameters allows us to expand the number of indicators influencing the risk of COVID-19 complications and enable an earlier response to a difficult situation.

Parameters and Morphological Changes of Erythrocytes and Platelets of COVID-19 Subjects: A Longitudinal Cohort Study

“… 6 , 11 Patients with or without CVD Covid-19 significantly increased MCV and decreased RDW three months after discharge. 35 Similarly, our study showed a rise in MVC and a reduction in RDW after the discharge in both severe and non-severe cases. Notably, RDW was a significant difference between severe and non-severe patients.…”

“…The study showed that when the coefficient of variation of RDW was greater than 13.6, the likelihood of lung tissue injury increased by 9.3 times, and it was a lung volume marker for COVID-19 severity. 35 Studies have proved that increased RDW is common in human disorders, including cardiovascular disease, 36 venous thromboembolism, 37 cancer, 38 diabetes, 39 community-acquired pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 37 liver, 40 and kidney failure, 41 and so on. Increased RDW reflects a severe dysregulation of erythrocyte homeostasis, including impaired erythropoiesis and abnormal erythrocyte survival.…”

Evaluation of the Diagnostic Value of Hematologic Parameters and Ratios in SARS-CoV-2 VOC-202012/01 Mutant Population

“…In their trial on patients with and without cardiovascular disease who suffered from SARS-CoV-2-related pneumonia, Petelina et al prospectively studied the blood samples of both cohorts during their hospitalization as well as three months after their discharge [14]. They noted a significant elevation in hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and MCH (mean corpuscular hemoglobin) in both patient cohorts, and a decrease in mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and RDW-CV in both cohorts (p<0.001 for all parameters).…”