Estimation of groundwater potential using GIS modeling in Kohistan region Jamshoro district, Southern Indus basin, Sindh, Pakistan (a case study)

Memon, Aftab Ahmed; Ansari, Kamran; Soomro, Abdul Ghani; Jamali, Mohammad Khan; Naeem, Babar; Ashraf, Arshad

doi:10.1007/s11600-019-00382-3

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In Pakistan, more than 60% of the population utilizes groundwater for drinking purpose (Solangi et al, 2017). Pakistan faces water scarcity problem in the last decades due to increased water demands (Memon et al, 2020). The long-term viability of Pakistan's groundwater resources has come under scrutiny in light of this circumstance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall groundwater storage has signi cantly decreased throughout this time due to several factors including low precipitation, poor surface water management, and ongoing groundwater extraction for irrigation. The canal command area uses groundwater resources for supplemental irrigation, although most agriculture in arid regions depends on groundwater resources(Memon et al, 2020). In the arid region like Baluchistan province of Pakistan, producing food and supplying drinking water are mostly dependent on groundwater(Ahmed et al, 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Groundwater Storage in Pakistan from Gravimetric Observations

Hannan,

Dars,

Ukasha

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Groundwater is the predominant water source in Pakistan, meeting the needs of industry, agriculture, and households. This study investigates groundwater storage variations in Pakistan and mainly focus at the provincial levels from 2003 to 2022 using Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) observed terrestrial water storage anomalies (TWSA) and water storage components from Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS). The analysis reveals significant fluctuations in groundwater storage levels, influenced by various factors, including seasonal changes in precipitation and agricultural activities. The study highlights substantial decline in groundwater storage over the last decade. The spatial analysis uncovers uneven patterns of groundwater storage variations across the country. Punjab and Sindh provinces are notable for their distinct and significant changes, including declines and slightly increases, respectively, compared to other regions. These findings underscore the importance of sustainable groundwater management practices, particularly in provinces and regions with heightened extraction rates and susceptibility to drought and flood events. Floods significantly increase groundwater recharge, while drought-affected areas show noticeable decreases in groundwater storage. This research contributes to a better understanding of Pakistan's groundwater dynamics. It emphasizes the need for effective policies to ensure long-term water resource sustainability in changing climate conditions and human activities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Groundwater Storage in Pakistan from Gravimetric Observations

Hannan,

Dars,

Ukasha

et al. 2024

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…Many watersheds create solitary or cascade reservoirs. The active management of reservoirs sustains the apportionment of water resources, which mitigates the regional water scarcity problems, manages flood hazard situations, and leads to integrated water resource management [3][4][5]. Climatic variations have led to the importance and need for water-harvesting techniques for agriculture practices, which vary according to the physiography of the land cover and the magnitude of the precipitation [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Globally, agricultural practices increased tremendously in the second half of the 20th century [14,15]. Surface and groundwater availability has widely been increased using integrated interventions in watersheds, leading to an increase in agricultural productivity, an improvement of people's socio-economic conditions, and a reduced migration rate [3,4]. Agriculture is the backbone of Pakistan, which contributes to 19.5% of GDP, 42% of labor force, 64% of export earnings, and 62% of people's livelihoods (Economic Survey, 2016-2017.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cascade Reservoirs: An Exploration of Spatial Runoff Storage Sites for Water Harvesting and Mitigation of Climate Change Impacts, Using an Integrated Approach of GIS and Hydrological Modeling

et al. 2022

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Torrents play an essential role in water resources through rainfall in arid to semi-arid mountainous regions, serving large populations worldwide, and are also crucial in maintaining the downstream environment. The natural flows (floods, ephemeral flows) in arid hill regions result in potential hydrological fluctuations caused by climate change. However, the feasibility of eventual storage in remote hilly catchments would force a more sudden change. The current study was conducted in the lower part of the Khirthar National Range in the Sindh province of Pakistan, with the aim to explore spatial runoff storage sites for sustainable development to mitigate the impacts of climate change in arid areas. In total, 83 years of precipitation data were used to estimate water availability, along with satellite imagery for LULC pre- and post-monsoon conditions, delineation of watersheds, and identification of potential runoff storage locations and return periods, using Remote Sensing (RS)/Geographical Information System (GIS) 10.5.1, HEC-HMS 3.1, and Origin Pro 9.0 for statistical approaches. The model delineated two potential watersheds: Goth Sumar, covering an area of 61.0456 km2, wherein ten cascading reservoirs were identified, and Goth Baro, covering an area of 14,236 km2, wherein two cascading reservoirs were identified. Different storage capacities were determined for the cascade-type reservoirs. The maximum live volumetric potential storage of the reservoirs varies from 0.25 to 1.32 million cubic meters (MCM) in the villages of Baro and Sumar. The return periods have been estimated at 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, and 75 years, corresponding to 12.35, 16.47, 21.43, 21.72, 25.21, and 40.53 MCM for Goth Sumar, while Goth Baro’s storage capacity has been estimated at 2.88, 3.84, 5.00, 5.06, 5.88, and 9.45 MCM, respectively. All results obtained were authenticated using accuracy assessment, validation, and sensitivity analysis. The proposed potential storage sites were recommended for a planning period of five years. The live storage capacity of the identified cascade reservoirs can be improved by raising the marginal banks and developing the spillways to control inlet and outlet flow in order to maintain internal pressure on the reservoir banks. The stored water can be used for climate-friendly agricultural activities to increase crop production and productivity. The proposed study area has extensive experience with flood irrigation systems and rainwater harvesting to sustain agriculture due to rainfall being the only water resource (WR) in the region. However, the study area has enormous potential for surface runoff WRs, especially during the rainy season (monsoon); the current 2022 monsoon is showing flooding. The modeling approaches of Remote Sensing, GIS, and HEC-HMS play an important role in delineating watershed areas, developing hydrographs, and simulating water availability for different return periods by minimizing cost and time.

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Delineation of fresh groundwater potentiality zones in saline coastal aquifers, Southwest Bangladesh using remote sensing and GIS approaches

Howlader,

Chowdhury,

Jahan

et al. 2024

Environ Geochem Health

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Estimation of groundwater potential using GIS modeling in Kohistan region Jamshoro district, Southern Indus basin, Sindh, Pakistan (a case study)

Cited by 11 publications

References 16 publications

Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Groundwater Storage in Pakistan from Gravimetric Observations

Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Groundwater Storage in Pakistan from Gravimetric Observations

Cascade Reservoirs: An Exploration of Spatial Runoff Storage Sites for Water Harvesting and Mitigation of Climate Change Impacts, Using an Integrated Approach of GIS and Hydrological Modeling

Delineation of fresh groundwater potentiality zones in saline coastal aquifers, Southwest Bangladesh using remote sensing and GIS approaches

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