Estimation of Large River Design Floods Using the Peaks-Over-Threshold (POT) Method

Abstract

This research analyzes the peaks-over-threshold (POT) method for designed flood estimation needed to plan river levees, spillways and water facilities. In this study, a one-parameter exponential probability distribution has been modified by including the coefficient of λ, which represents an average number of floods and enables return period calculation within the specified period of time. The study also compares results using the Log-Pearson Type III distribution of maximum annual flows and a standard exponential distribution of the selected peaks over the threshold level. The aforementioned approach represents the standard mathematical tools for river flood design, while the proposed modification of the exponential distribution highlights the estimation of flood quantiles with longer return periods (e.g., 100, 1000 and 10,000 years). Moreover, the sensitivity analysis of the threshold selection is proposed to assist in the flood design flow estimation alongside the proposed modification of the exponential probability distribution. The study was carried out at the Danube River, and the Novi Sad hydrological station (Republic of Serbia) was used for the long-term recorded period from 1876 to 2015. The results suggest that the POT method derives more reliable estimates of design floods than the traditional statistical tools for flood estimation. The results suggest the theoretical values of the water level of the 10,000 years return period is equal to 867 cm, while the Log-Pearson Type III distribution of annual maximum flows underestimated this value for 14 cm.

Predicting Future Flood Risks in the Face of Climate Change: A Frequency Analysis Perspective

“…There are values higher than this in the chronological series of maximum flows, which naturally should be taken into consideration, but whose selection requires additional and often difficult operations. This principle is the basis of the analysis with partial series, both Peak Over Threshold (POT) [35][36][37][38] and Annual Exceedance Series (AES) [39,40]. A similar principle is also the basis of the LH-moments method, by reducing the importance of the lower maximum flows.…”

Scouring around bridge pier: a comprehensive review of countermeasure techniques

“…The effectiveness and longevity of scour prevention methods are highly dependent on the accuracy of these estimations. Return period analysis is commonly used in India to determine historical flood values (Kolaković et al 2023). This method calculates the probability of a specific flood magnitude occurring within a given timeframe based on historical flood data.…”

Increased Riparian Vegetation Density and Its Effect on Flow Conditions

“…On the other hand, the changing riparian vegetation has also influenced the fluvial processes. Along banks, vegetation can influence bank stability and channel morphology [29,30], whereas, on the floodplain, plants increase the roughness, resulting in accelerated sedimentation [31,32] and increased flood levels [33][34][35]. Therefore, it is highly important to understand the physical and biological structure of riparian vegetation and to model the hydrological consequences of its alteration [36][37][38].…”