Estimation of salt intake from spot urine may assist the risk assessment of gastric cancer

Goto, Atsushi; Nishikawa, Jun; Ito, Shunsuke; Hideura, Eizaburou; Shirasawa, Tomohiro; Hamabe, Koichi; Hashimoto, Shinichi; Okamoto, Takeshi; Yanai, Hideo; Sakaida, Isao

doi:10.3164/jcbn.19-65

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Gastric cancer remains a major threat to human health. Excessive intake of salt/salty foods, as well as insufficient intake of fresh fruits and vegetables, can increase the risk of gastric cancer [ 26 ]. It is well-documented that daily eating habits are closely associated with the occurrence of gastric diseases, including gastric cancer [ 27 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lemur tyrosine kinase 2 silencing inhibits the proliferation of gastric cancer cells by regulating GSK-3β phosphorylation and β-catenin nuclear translocation

et al. 2022

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Previous studies on the mechanism of proliferation and cell cycle progression of gastric cancer cells have shown promising perspectives for the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of lemur tyrosine kinase 2 (LMTK2) in gastric cancer cell proliferation and cell cycle progression, as well as in tumor-bearing nude mouse models. The expression levels of LMTK2 were determined in gastric cancer cell lines. In addition, the effects of LMTK2 silencing or overexpression on cell proliferation were measured using Cell Counting Kit-8, BrdU and colony formation assays. Cell cycle progression was analyzed using flow cytometry and western blotting. The expression levels of proteins associated with the β-catenin pathway were assessed using western blot analysis. A tumor-bearing nude mouse model was established by injecting gastric cancer cells, and the effect of LMTK2 knockdown or overexpression on tumor growth was examined. The expression levels of LMTK2 were found to be upregulated in all gastric cancer cell lines. Moreover, LMTK2 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation and cell cycle progression. LMTK2 knockdown also inhibited the activation of GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling, as evidenced by reduced GSK-3β phosphorylation and nuclear β-catenin levels. LMTK2 knockdown also suppressed tumor growth, whereas overexpression accelerated this process. In conclusion, LMTK2 silencing can inhibit the proliferation of gastric cancer cells in vitro and tumor growth in vivo by regulating GSK-3β phosphorylation and β-catenin nuclear translocation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lemur tyrosine kinase 2 silencing inhibits the proliferation of gastric cancer cells by regulating GSK-3β phosphorylation and β-catenin nuclear translocation

et al. 2022

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“…Sodium ions (Na + ) play vital physiological roles such as maintenance of body osmolality, nerve and muscle cell excitation, and absorption of nutrients in the gastrointestinal tract.‍ ( 1 ) However, excessive salt intake leads to elevated blood pressure, thus increasing the risk of cerebrocardiovascular events and kidney disease,‍ ( 2 ) and is implicated in a variety of other conditions such as gastric cancer, asthma, and osteoporosis.‍ ( 3 – 5 ) A technical report by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations has recommended a salt consumption level of less than 5 g per day as a nutrient intake goal. In Japan, the number of patients with metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus has increased with the westernization of dietary habits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased salt intake is associated with diabetes and characteristic dietary habits: a community-based cross-sectional study in Japan

Itoh

Tsuya

Togashi

et al. 2022

J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr.

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We investigated the association of salt intake with lifestyle-related diseases and also the association of habitually consumed foods with salt intake. A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from a baseline survey of 2,129 residents of Yonezawa city (980 males and 1,149 females), Yamagata prefecture. The residents were divided into three groups based on their estimated daily salt intake: low, medium, and high. In both genders, the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes increased in the order of high > medium > low salt intake (trend p <0.001). Similar trends were observed in the prevalence of hyperlipidemia in females and metabolic syndrome in males. The prevalence of diabetes in the high salt intake group was significantly higher than that in the control group (matched from the low and medium salt intake groups), even when confounding factors were excluded by propensity score matching ( p <0.01). Network analysis showed that the low salt intake group had a greater tendency to habitually consume various vegetables than the high salt intake group. Our findings reveal that the prevalence of lifestyle-related diseases increased with higher salt intake. We speculate that a dietary shift to multiple vegetable consumption could have salt-lowering effects.

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“…Gastric cancer is firmly associated with Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ).‍ ( 1 ) A prospective, long-term study showed that there were no cases of gastric cancer in H. pylori un-infected group.‍ ( 2 ) However, in clinical practice, we occasionally encounter a small number of gastric cancers in H. pylori un-infected cases.‍ ( 3 ) Besides H. pylori , there are other carcinogenic factors for gastric cancer such as Epstein–Barr virus infection, high salt intake, genetic factors and so on.‍ ( 4 – 6 )…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(3) Besides H. pylori, there are other carcinogenic factors for gastric cancer such as Epstein-Barr virus infection, high salt intake, genetic factors and so on. (4)(5)(6) The prevalence of H. pylori has decreased during several decades due to improvements in the sanitary environment and widespread eradication of H. pylori in Japan. (7,8) Therefore, a relative increase is expected in the incidence of H. pyloriuninfected gastric cancer.…”

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confidence: 99%

Increasing trend of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>-uninfected gastric cancer without gastric atrophy

Nishizawa

Yoshida²,

Toyoshima

et al. 2022

J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr.

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The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) has decreased during several decades due to improvements in the sanitary environment in Japan. Consequently, a relative increase in the incidence of H. pylori -uninfected gastric cancer is expected. We analyzed the trends in H. pylori -uninfected gastric cancer. Two hundred fifty-eight patients with gastric cancer were retrospectively analyzed. The study was divided into four periods: 2008–2011 (first period), 2012–2014 (second period), 2015–2017 (third period), and 2018–2021 (fourth period). The status of H. pylori infection was divided into four categories: uninfected, successful eradication, spontaneous eradication, and persistent infection. Gastric mucosal atrophy was divided into six grades according to the Kimura–Takemoto classification. The proportion of H. pylori infections significantly changed over the study period ( p = 0.007). In particular, the rate of H. pylori -uninfected gastric cancer tended to increase over time (0%, 2.9%, 4.9%, and 13.4% in the first, second, third, and fourth periods, respectively; p = 0.0013). The rate of no atrophy (C-0) in gastric cancer tended to increase over time (0%, 2.9%, 4.9%, and 11.0% in the first, second, third, and fourth periods, respectively; p = 0.0046). In conclusion, the rate of H. pylori -uninfected gastric cancer without gastric atrophy tended to increase over time.

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Estimation of salt intake from spot urine may assist the risk assessment of gastric cancer

Cited by 10 publications

References 19 publications

Lemur tyrosine kinase 2 silencing inhibits the proliferation of gastric cancer cells by regulating GSK-3β phosphorylation and β-catenin nuclear translocation

Lemur tyrosine kinase 2 silencing inhibits the proliferation of gastric cancer cells by regulating GSK-3β phosphorylation and β-catenin nuclear translocation

Increased salt intake is associated with diabetes and characteristic dietary habits: a community-based cross-sectional study in Japan

Increasing trend of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>-uninfected gastric cancer without gastric atrophy

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