Estimation of Walnut Production Function in Selected Province of Iran

Bakhshinejad, Mahmoud

doi:10.5901/mjss.2016.v7n3s3p312

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 24 publications

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“…For example, cancer‐targeting peptides, which can target tumor cells by binding to surface receptors with high affinity, specificity, and modularity, have been combined with immune response‐triggering motifs, thereby training the immune system to recognize and kill tumor cells. [ 120 ] Based on the fact that the natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic lymphocytes critical to the innate immune system, Descalzi‐Montoya's group combined a linear dimer of NK‐cell‐activating domains with glucose regulated protein of 78 kDa (GRP78)‐targeting peptide sequences to produce a bifunctional Y‐shape trimeric peptide that shares structural similarity with an antibody (Figure 2d). [ 121 ] The synthesized trimeric peptide displayed increased binding to tumor cells overexpressing GRP78, with the binding affinity decreasing in presence of anti‐GRP78 antibody, indicating GRP78‐binding dependence.…”

Section: Part I: Target‐specific Non‐covalent Bindingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Complementarity of Proteomimetic Materials for Target‐Specific Recognition and Recognition‐Mediated Complex Functions

Kim

Jung

et al. 2023

Advanced Materials

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transduction to enable survival and adaption. They are composed of long folded chains made up of a variety of 20 different α-amino acids, which form elaborate molecular structures. These structures can then fit counterpart molecules via molecular complementarity, thus enabling them to perform their specific cellular functions (Figure 1). For instance, membrane receptors specifically recognize extracellular ligand molecules and transfer desired molecular signals into the cell across the ligand-impermeable membrane. [1][2][3] Moreover, different membrane channels exist at the cell surface; in response to external stimuli such as pH, temperature, and action potentials, they undergo conformational changes to modulate the permeability of specific ions and metabolites. [4][5][6] The received extracellular signals are then converted into appropriate cellular responses; this process involves the intracellular increase of certain molecules to control transcription factors and regulate gene expression. [7,8] Even within the cell, there are various proteinligand interactions; for example, some metabolites can bind transcription factors, allosterically regulating subsequent transcription by RNA polymerases. [9,10] To manage cellular metabolism, enzymes catalyze more than 5000 biochemical reactions under highly limited physiological conditions (e.g., mild temperature, neutral pH, and low salt concentrations), attributed to their specific substrate binding abilities and effective collaboration with cofactors or coenzymes. [11] The availability of proteins that interact with many different targets benefits a broad range of biological and biotechnological research. Due to the functional diversity and specificity of the proteins, synthetic biology has successfully refined and rewired various cellular functions to solve numerous issues in a diverse range of fields such as agriculture, [12] manufacturing, [13] pharmaceutics, [14] and therapeutics. [15,16] For example, the use of proteins that enable gene recognition and editing has contributed to the emergence of important metabolic and genetic engineering techniques, allowing for the modulation of microbial cell factories that can efficiently produce high-value products, including biofuels, [17] medicines, [14] and biomolecules for industrial use. [18] Moreover, genetically encoded signal transducers As biomolecules essential for sustaining life, proteins are generated from long chains of 20 different α-amino acids that are folded into unique 3D structures. In particular, many proteins have molecular recognition functions owing to their binding pockets, which have complementary shapes, charges, and polarities for specific targets, making these biopolymers unique and highly valuable for biomedical and biocatalytic applications. Based on the understanding of protein structures and microenvironments, molecular complementarity can be exhibited by synthesizable and modifiable materials. This has prompted researchers to explore the proteomimetic potentials of a diverse range of material...

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Section: Part I: Target‐specific Non‐covalent Bindingmentioning

confidence: 99%