Estrogen modulates ghrelin expression in the female rat stomach

Matsubara, Maki; Sakata, Ichiro; Wada, Reiko; Yamazaki, Mami; Inoue, Kinji; Sakai, Takafumi

doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2003.12.020

Cited by 78 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Ovariectomy induced a reduction in the number of ghrelin-producing cells, ghrelin mRNA levels in gastric cells, and plasma ghrelin levels in rats. Administration of 17b estradiol was able to reverse these changes (27). Similar findings were reported in humans.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…The relationship between estrogen and ghrelin was investigated in several studies done on both animals and humans. Animal studies have shown that estrogen is involved in the regulation of ghrelin secretion and directly induced ghrelin gene expression (27). Ovariectomy induced a reduction in the number of ghrelin-producing cells, ghrelin mRNA levels in gastric cells, and plasma ghrelin levels in rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Circulating ghrelin levels in girls with central precocious puberty are reduced during treatment with LHRH analog

Maffeis

Franceschi²,

Moghetti³

et al. 2007

eur j endocrinol

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Decreased levels of ghrelin have been measured in growing children during puberty. No data are available for girls with central precocious puberty (CPP). Aims: To explore ghrelin changes before, during, and after GnRH analog treatment in girls with CPP. Subjects and methods: A sample of 20 Caucasian girls (8.08G0.65 years of age) with CPP was recruited. Height and weight, bone age, LH, FSH, 17b estradiol (E 2 ), and ghrelin were measured before starting treatment with GnRH analog, 18 months after therapy began and again 6 months after therapy discontinuation. Results: LH and E 2 serum levels decreased significantly during treatment (2.45G2.03 vs 0.67G 0.49 UI/l, P!0.01 and 28.17G9.7 vs 15 pmol/l, P!0.01 respectively), returning to baseline levels after the discontinuation of therapy (4.75G1.66 UI/l and 29.23G6.99 pmol/l respectively). LH peaked following LHRH stimulation significantly (P!0.01) decreased during treatment (24.45G 14.17 vs 1.3G0.18 UI/l) and then increased after therapy discontinuation (12.58G6.09, P!0.01). Ghrelin decreased significantly (P!0.05) during treatment (1849G322 vs 1207G637 pg/ml), and increased, though not significantly (PZ0.09) after therapy withdrawal (1567G629 pg/ml). Conclusions:Contrary to what is expected in physiologic puberty, where ghrelin is progressively reduced, the prepubertal hormone milieau induced by GnRHa treatment in patients suffering from central precocious puberty (CPP) did not promote an increase in ghrelin circulating levels. Therefore, in CPP, ghrelin secretion seems to be independent from pubertal development per se. Concomitant estrogen suppression during treatment may play a potential role in the regulation of ghrelin secretion in these girls. European Journal of Endocrinology 156 99-103

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Circulating ghrelin levels in girls with central precocious puberty are reduced during treatment with LHRH analog

Maffeis

Franceschi²,

Moghetti³

et al. 2007

eur j endocrinol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Animal studies have shown that oestrogen is involved in the regulation of ghrelin secretion. Oestrogen administration decreased the number of ghrelin-producing cells and ghrelin mRNA levels in the stomach, and plasma ghrelin levels in ovariectomised rats (Matsubara et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Ghrelin levels in prepubertal pig ovarian follicles

Rak

Gregoraszczuk

2009

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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Ghrelin is a novel growth hormone-releasing peptide originally identified in the rat stomach as an endogenous ligand of the growth hormone (GH) secretagogue receptor. Recent work suggests that ghrelin plays an important role in reproductive function. In this study, prepubertal pig ovaries were used to examine ghrelin levels in the ovarian follicles. Ghrelin levels in the follicular fluid, follicular wall and culture medium were measured using an enzyme immunoassay (EIA). The ghrelin level in the follicular fluid (18 pg/ml) was the sum of the amounts found in the follicular wall (13.7 pg/ml) and the culture medium (4.6 pg/ml). In conclusion, the data presented in this paper suggest local production of this hormone in ovarian follicles.

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“…By contrast, others found that estradiol produced locally in the stomach was able to stimulate ghrelin gene expression even after gonadectomy (Sakata et al, 2006). Another study reported suppressive effects of ovarian estradiol on stomach ghrelin gene expression as well as on the plasma ghrelin concentration (Matsubara et al, 2004). An additional recent study found that estradiol supplementation was followed by increased synthesis and/or acylation of the ghrelin peptide without any effect on its metabolic clearance rate in premenopausal women (Paulo et al, 2008), although another study did not confirm these data (Dafopoulos et al, 2010).…”

Section: Ghrelin and The Polycystic Ovary Syndromementioning

confidence: 97%

“…Moreover, it has been reported that estrogen administration to a culture system of rat gastric tissue explants, induced a significant decrease in ghrelin secretion, but did not affect either mRNA or protein levels, and that testosterone treatment in orchidectomized rats did not affect gastric ghrelin secretion (Al-Massadi et al, 2010). These conflicting data suggest that sex steroids may affect the ghrelin system not only in the stomach (where estrogen receptors have been described at the level of ghrelin producing cells) (Campbell- Thompson et al, 2001;Matsubara et al, 2004) but also at the peripheral level, however the precise mechanisms still remain largely unknown.…”

Section: Ghrelin and The Polycystic Ovary Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Ghrelin and reproductive disorders

Repaci

Gambineri

Pagotto

et al. 2011

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

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Ghrelin is an important factor involved in most of the metabolic and hormonal signals which adapt the reproductive functions in conditions of altered energy balance. Moreover, the coordinated role of leptin and ghrelin appears in fact to have a specific role in the regulation of puberty. Systemic action of ghrelin on the reproductive axis involves the control of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gondal axis. In addition, it has been shown that ghrelin may directly act at a gonadal level in both females and males. Available data also demonstrate that sex steroid hormones and gonadotropins may in turn regulate the gonadal effect of ghrelin, as documented by studies performed in females with the polycystic ovary syndrome and in hypogonadal men. Notably, recent studies also confirm a potentially important role for ghrelin in fetal and neonatal energy balance, and specifically in allowing fetal adaptation to an adverse intrauterine environment.

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Estrogen modulates ghrelin expression in the female rat stomach

Cited by 78 publications

References 34 publications

Circulating ghrelin levels in girls with central precocious puberty are reduced during treatment with LHRH analog

Circulating ghrelin levels in girls with central precocious puberty are reduced during treatment with LHRH analog

Ghrelin levels in prepubertal pig ovarian follicles

Ghrelin and reproductive disorders

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