Estrogen Stimulates a Transient Increase in the Number of New Neurons in the Dentate Gyrus of the Adult Female Rat

Tanapat, Patima; Hastings, Nicholas B.; Reeves, Alison J.; Gould, Elizabeth

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.19-14-05792.1999

Cited by 863 publications

(661 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…First, the hippocampus mediates spatial and explicit memory function and is integral to performance in the inhibitory avoidance and water maze tasks [17,36]. Second, E 2 produces changes in hippocampal physiology and morphology that has recently been related to cognitive performance [86]. E 2 to ovariectomized C57BL/6J mice enhances performance in the object placement task, a spatial episodic memory task, and increases the number of dendritic spines with mushroom shapes in the dorsal hippocampus [44].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estradiol to aged female or male mice improves learning in inhibitory avoidance and water maze tasks

2005

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Although 17β-Estradiol (E 2 ) improves cognitive performance of aged female mice, its mnemonic effects when administered post-training to aged male mice have not been examined. E 2 (10 µg, SC) or oil vehicle was administered to intact, 24-month-old female or male congenic (primarily C57BL/6 background) mice immediately after training in the inhibitory avoidance or water maze tasks. Following behavioral testing, effects of 1 or 24 h of E 2 exposure on hippocampal levels of E 2 and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were examined. Female and male mice administered E 2 showed significantly better performance in the inhibitory avoidance task than did vehicle-administered mice. When tested 24 h after training, mice that received E 2 had significantly longer latencies to cross-over to the shock-associated side of the chamber than did vehicleadministered mice. Female or male mice administered E 2 showed significantly better performance in the reference memory aspect of the spatial water maze task. When tested 30 min after training, mice administered E 2 had shorter latencies to, and spent longer swimming in, the quadrant that the hidden platform had previously been located in. E 2 administration produced physiological levels of E 2 in the hippocampus 1 and 24 h after E 2 . BDNF levels in the hippocampus were decreased following 1 h of E 2 exposure compared to vehicle. These findings suggest that E 2 to female and male mice may overcome age-related deficits in reference memory in an emotional or spatial learning task.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estradiol to aged female or male mice improves learning in inhibitory avoidance and water maze tasks

2005

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“…The reasons underlying the sex-dependent effects of adolescent nicotine treatment have been outlined previously (Trauth et al, 1999(Trauth et al, , 2000bXu et al, 2003): neuronal cell turnover and plasticity, and hence the effects of agents that affect cell replication, differentiation and neurite outgrowth, are responsive to estrogen (Tanapat et al, 1999). Although we found significant interactions between prenatal and adolescent nicotine exposure, with only a few exceptions (eg total protein/DNA ratio in hippocampus on PN75) the alterations in these biomarkers, too, showed additive effects of the two treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Prenatal Nicotine Exposure Sensitize the Brain to Nicotine-Induced Neurotoxicity in Adolescence?

Abreu‐Villaça

Seidler

Slotkin

2004

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Offspring of women who smoke during pregnancy are themselves more likely to take up smoking in adolescence. We evaluated neurotoxicant effects of prenatal and adolescent nicotine exposure in developing rats to evaluate whether these contribute to a biological basis for this relationship. Rats were given nicotine or vehicle throughout pregnancy and the offspring then again received nicotine or vehicle during adolescence (postnatal days PN30-47.5); this regimen reproduces the plasma nicotine levels found in smokers. Indices of neural cell number (DNA concentration and content), cell size (protein/DNA ratio), and cell membrane surface area (membrane/total protein) were then evaluated in brain regions during adolescent nicotine administration (PN45) and up to 1 month post-treatment. By itself, prenatal nicotine administration produced cellular alterations that persisted into adolescence, characterized by net cell losses in the midbrain and to a lesser extent, in the cerebral cortex, with corresponding elevations in the membrane/total protein ratio. The hippocampus showed a unique response, with increased DNA content and regional enlargement. Adolescent nicotine treatment alone had similar, albeit smaller effects, but also showed sex-dependence, with effects on protein biomarkers preferential to females. When animals exposed to nicotine prenatally were then given nicotine in adolescence, the net outcome was worsened, largely representing summation of the two individual effects. Our results indicate that prenatal nicotine exposure alters parameters of cell development lasting into adolescence, where the effects add to those elicited directly by adolescent nicotine; neurotoxicant actions may thus contribute to the association between maternal smoking and subsequent smoking in the offspring.

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“…Increased awareness and understanding of brain plasticity (and behavior) is evolving with the advancements in technology and exchange of scientific information [2,15,18,27,33,40,43,45,47,51,62,71,78,81,96,97,104,112,114,116,123,127]. Since all commercially available rodent diets use soy as the main source of protein in their formulations, it is intriguing to consider the possible impact dietary phytoes- …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurobehavioral effects of dietary soy phytoestrogens

Lephart

West

Weber

et al. 2002

Neurotoxicology and Teratology

189

117

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Estrogen Stimulates a Transient Increase in the Number of New Neurons in the Dentate Gyrus of the Adult Female Rat

Cited by 863 publications

References 66 publications

Estradiol to aged female or male mice improves learning in inhibitory avoidance and water maze tasks

Estradiol to aged female or male mice improves learning in inhibitory avoidance and water maze tasks

Does Prenatal Nicotine Exposure Sensitize the Brain to Nicotine-Induced Neurotoxicity in Adolescence?

Neurobehavioral effects of dietary soy phytoestrogens

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