Estrone biodegradation in laboratory-scale systems designed for total nitrogen removal from wastewater

Abstract

Effective estrone biodegradation occurred under anammox conditions, suggesting that low-energy nitrogen removal processes can also effectively remove estrone.

Temperature modulates estrone degradation and biological effects of exposure in fathead minnows

“…The high E1 concentration was chosen to allow for detailed tracking of E1 degradation without the need for large volume extraction. The influent, as described elsewhere (Peterson et al, 2017), contained the following: 299 ± 80 mg/L (n = 8) mean chemical oxygen demand, 47 ± 7.8 mg/L (n = 16) total nitrogen and 6.2 ± 3.1 μg/L (n = 16) E1. Reactors were operated as continuous flow systems and had a reactor volume, HRT, and SRT of 0.8 L, 5 h, and 10 days, respectively.…”

“…A clean water control reactor was also monitored and those results are presented elsewhere (Peterson et al, 2017). Each reactor was seeded with 10 mL of preserved concentrated activated sludge from the Metropolitan Wastewater Treatment Plant (Metro WWTP) in St. Paul, MN, as described elsewhere (Peterson et al, 2017). The reactors were fed with primary effluent collected from the Metro WWTP and amended with 10 μg/L E1.…”

“…Methods for monitoring chemical oxygen demand (COD), pH, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, total nitrogen, nitrate, and nitrite in the laboratory-scale wastewater reactors are described in detail elsewhere (Peterson et al, 2017). Briefly, COD, ammonia, and total nitrogen were measured colorimetrically.…”

“…Duplicate laboratory-scale nitrification experiments were performed at room temperature (21 ± 2°C) (mean standard ± deviation) for 31 days (Peterson et al, 2017) and duplicate nitrification experiments were performed at 15°C for 48 and 55 days. A clean water control reactor was also monitored and those results are presented elsewhere (Peterson et al, 2017).…”

“…A cross flow filtration membrane (Spectrum Labs Minikros® 750 kDa mPES) was used as a clarifier for the laboratory-scale reactors, allowing the uncoupling of the solids residence time (SRT) from the hydraulic residence time (HRT). The membrane was backwashed as described elsewhere (Peterson et al, 2017), to avoid excessive pressure drop across the membrane. In the 15°C experiments the reactors were maintained in a cold room (10°C ) while continuously mixed on a heated stir plate.…”