Estudio Preliminar De La Macrofauna Del Suelo en Áreas De Varillales Y Chamizales De La Amazonía Peruana

Tapia-Coral, Sandra; Pashanasi-Amasifuen, Beto; Castillo-Torres, Dennis Del

doi:10.24841/fa.v13i1-2.138

Cited by 4 publications

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References 3 publications

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“…Pese a ser mucho menor a lo reportado para diversos ecosistemas palearticos (Deharveng 1996, Fukuyama et al 1999, Wiwatwitaya & Takeda 2005, la densidad de artrópodos en el bosque altoandino fue cercana a la que se presenta en zonas inundables de la amazonía Peruana (Tapia-Coral et al 2002) y a las selvas tropicales en México (Prieto et al 1999) y Costa Rica (Heneghan et al 1999). Sin importar el sitio, la abundancia y riqueza en superficie superaron ampliamente a los horizontes orgánico y mineral.…”

Section: Cuadro 4 Propiedades Físico-químicas Del Suelo En Bosque Natunclassified

Efecto de plantaciones de pino en la artropofauna del suelo de un bosque Altoandino

León-Gamboa¹,

Ramos²,

García³

2009

RBT

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Effect of pine plantations on soil arthropods in a high Andean forest. One of the most common problems in the Colombian mountains has been the replacement of native vegetation by pine plantations. Soil arthropods are a fundamental component of forest ecosystem, since they participate in the organic matter fragmentation, previous to decomposition. This role is more valuable in high altitude environments, where low temperatures limit the dynamics of biological processes, where the effects of pine plantations on soil arthropods are still not well-known. In a remnant of high-andean forest (Neusa -Colombia) and a pine plantation of about 50 years-old, it was evaluated the composition, richness and abundance of arthropods at surface (S), organic horizon (O) and mineral horizon (A) of soil, to establish the differences associated to the soil use transformation. It was used "Pitfall" sampling to register the movement of the epigeous fauna, and extraction by funnel Berlese for determining the fauna density from O and A horizons. The Shannon and Simpson indexes estimated the diversity at different places and horizons, and the trophic structure of the community was evaluated. Overall, there were collected 38 306 individuals from forest and 17 386 individuals from pine plantation, mainly distributed in Collembola (42.4%), Acari (27%), Diptera (17.6%) and Coleoptera (4.6%). The most important differences were given in the surface, where the mobilization in forest (86 individuals/day) almost triplicates the one in pine plantation (33 individuals/ day). The differences in composition were given in Collembola, Araneae, Hemiptera, Homoptera and Hymenoptera. The dynamics of richness and abundance along the year had significant high values in the native forest than in the pine plantation. The general trophic structure was dominated by saprophagous (75%), followed by predators (14%) and phytophagous (9%), but in two layers of the pine plantation soil (S and O) this structural pattern was not given. Based on the results, it was concluded that pine plantations affect the diversity, composition, community dynamic and trophic structure of soil arthropods. Also, some estimators of soil stability give signals that these effects are reducing the ecosystem function in the region. Rev. Biol. Trop. 58 (3): 1031-1048. Epub 2010 September 01.

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Section: Cuadro 4 Propiedades Físico-químicas Del Suelo En Bosque Natunclassified

Efecto de plantaciones de pino en la artropofauna del suelo de un bosque Altoandino

León-Gamboa¹,

Ramos²,

García³

2009

RBT

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“…El grosor de hojarascas no es una variable predecible de la mayor riqueza o abundancia porque estos están en el varillal alto y bajo (García-Villacorta et al, 2003). En los varillales altos de la Reserva Nacional Allpahuayo Mishana se encontraron mayores densidades y biomasa fresca de macrofauna en comparación a los varillales bajos secos o chamizales (Tapia-Coral et al, 2002), es decir, parece que en los varillales altos ocurren intensamente los procesos de descomposición.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Escarabajos coprófagos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) en bosques sobre arena blanca de la Reserva Nacional Allpahuayo Mishana, en la Amazonía peruana

Gatty

Grández

Peña

2020

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El estudio se realizó desde octubre de 2010 hasta abril de 2011 en el bosque sobre arena blanca, localmente conocido como varillal, en los siguientes tipos: alto húmedo (VAH), alto seco (VAS), bajo húmedo (VBH) y bajo seco (VBS) al interior de la Reserva Nacional Allpahuayo Mishana, cerca del km 24,6 y 28,0 de la carretera Iquitos – Nauta, Loreto, Perú. El objetivo fue conocer la riqueza, abundancia, dominancia, diversidad y similitud de la comunidad de escarabajos coprófagos (Scarabaeinae) en los diferentes tipos de varillales utilizando trampas de caídas cebadas con heces humanas. Se colectaron 6 241 individuos pertenecientes a 16 géneros y 42 especies. La riqueza y medida de entropía o diversidad fueron mayores en VAH y VAS, pero mayor dominancia hubo en VBS y VBH. Las especies y abundancias entre los varillales altos y bajos fueron diferentes, así como entre los varillales bajos. Las especies Canthidium aff. cupreum, Ateuchus sp., Dichotomius lucasi y Onthophagus haematopus prefieren a los varillales alto seco y húmedo mientras que Scybalocanthon sp. prefiere a los varillales bajos. Los escarabajos coprófagos deben de ser utilizados como indicadores de cambios en la estructura de la vegetación

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Soil recovery of alluvial gold mine spoils in the Peruvian Amazon using Stylosanthes guianensis, a promising cover crop

et al. 2021

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The Amazon is an important reservoir of biodiversity and carbon but it is under pressure by multiple threats such as artisanal and small‐scale gold mining (ASGM). In Peru ASGM has degraded 90,000 ha of old‐growth forest since the eighties, leaving vast areas as wastelands. As most ASGM in the region is illegal, efforts to recover degraded areas have been scant. Here we assessed the potential of Stylosanthes guianensis to recover soil health as a first step in the restoration of gold mine spoils in a Native community and a mining concession in Madre de Dios, Peru. We evaluated plant growth and analyzed changes in physical, chemical, and biological soil parameters. After 470 days from sowing, the average plant height was 46.7 cm with a survival rate >50% and yields of 23.9 t ha−1 and 450 kg ha−1 of dry biomass and nitrogen, respectively. Multiple soil parameters increased significantly, including cationic exchange capacity (3.3 to 4.0 cmol [+] kg−1), soil organic matter (0.03% to 0.39%), soil respiration (0.02 to 0.06 mg CO2 g−1 d−1) and biomass (0.03 to 0.15 mg C g−1). Soil macrofauna increased from 2 to 11 taxonomic groups, including ants, considered as soil engineers. Furthermore, S. guianensis increased soil carbon sequestration of impacted areas from 0.004 t C ha−1 by more than 1650%, up to 0.07 t C ha−1. These promising findings clearly illustrate S. guianensis potential to kick‐start natural succession of Amazonian forests after degradation by ASGM and hence help to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.

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Estudio Preliminar De La Macrofauna Del Suelo en Áreas De Varillales Y Chamizales De La Amazonía Peruana

Cited by 4 publications

References 3 publications

Efecto de plantaciones de pino en la artropofauna del suelo de un bosque Altoandino

Efecto de plantaciones de pino en la artropofauna del suelo de un bosque Altoandino

Escarabajos coprófagos (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) en bosques sobre arena blanca de la Reserva Nacional Allpahuayo Mishana, en la Amazonía peruana

Soil recovery of alluvial gold mine spoils in the Peruvian Amazon using Stylosanthes guianensis, a promising cover crop

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