Ethanol ‘dose‐dependent’ elimination: Michaelis‐Menten v classical kinetic analysis.

Re, Rangno; Kreeft, JH; Sitar, D. S.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1981.tb01287.x

Cited by 94 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In the clinic, breath samples are taken during temporary stops in the operation, because the patient sometimes moves when taking a deep breath. Under such conditions, the breath ethanol level falls slightly due to a distribution effect [37]. This view is consistent with the smaller "overshoot" with the passage of time, as a larger fraction of the infused alcohol has then been distributed in the total body water [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Comparison of urological irrigating fluids containing glycine and mannitol in volunteers

Sandfeldt¹,

Hahn

1999

Prostate

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Comparison of urological irrigating fluids containing glycine and mannitol in volunteers

Sandfeldt¹,

Hahn

1999

Prostate

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“…The typical BAC encountered in forensic science casework ranges from 50 to 500 mg/100 mL, which means that for all practical purposes the elimination of ethanol from blood is adequately described by assuming zero-order kinetics [43]. During the post-absorptive phase, the BAC decreases at a constant rate per unit time until the concentration drops to 20 mg/100 mL, after which the elimination tends to follow first-order kinetics [44,45].…”

Section: Alcohol In the Bodymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence-based survey of the elimination rates of ethanol from blood with applications in forensic casework

Jones¹

2010

Forensic Science International

168

115

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“…Other enzymes such as catalase (Gill et al 1996) and fatty acid ethyl ester synthase (De Pergola et al 1991) also play a role in ethanol metabolism. At higher BACs, an additional route for ethanol elimination is via the microsomal ethanol oxidising system or MEOS (Rangno et al 1981;Lieber et al 1988). Changes in ethanol metabolism have been shown to a¤ect voluntary alcohol consumption in mice (Taberner and Unwin 1981;Koivisto and Eriksson 1994;Gill et al 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Diurnal variation in plasma ethanol levels of TO and CBA mice on chronic ethanol drinking or ethanol liquid diet schedules

Jelic¹,

Shih²,

Taberner³

1998

Psychopharmacology

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Diurnal variation in blood and plasma ethanol levels (BACs) has been observed in animals undergoing chronic ethanol treatment, but the information available is insufficient to determine whether the different patterns seen are due to differences in ethanol administration schedules or to strain of the animal. In this study, we have compared plasma ethanol levels in males of two mouse strains with no innate preference for ethanol, TO and CBA, during two commonly employed chronic ethanol treatment schedules. Ethanol was administered in solution as sole drink (CED) (10% or 20% w/v ethanol) for 4 weeks, or in liquid diet form (ELD), (3.5% w/v ethanol for 2 days, then 7% for 5 days). Mice were housed eight per cage on a 12-h light cycle (0900-2100 hours). Plasma ethanol concentration was monitored over the 24-h period. Activity of liver alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) was measured between 0900 and 1100 hours. CBA mice showed greater variability in body weights than TO mice, which weighed more throughout the period of study and had significantly higher total energy intakes. TO mice consumed more ELD than CBA mice. Following an initial 2-day period of 3.5% ELD, both strains decreased their diet intake when ethanol content of the diet was increased to 7% w/v, which resulted in weight loss. Mice on the CED schedules decreased their fluid intake with increasing concentration of ethanol in the drinking solution. Highest daily ethanol intakes were observed in mice on ELD (19.1 +/- 1.7 and 22.2 +/- 0.6 g/kg body weight in CBA and TO mice, respectively). Marked diurnal variation in plasma ethanol levels was observed, which was dependent on the treatment schedule, strain and method of ethanol administration. Highest levels were found in mice on the ELD schedule (104.8 +/- 7.7 mM in CBA mice, 113.5 +/- 14.5 mM in TO mice), peaking at 1900 and at 0900 hours in CBA and TO mice, respectively. Lower plasma ethanol concentrations were reached in mice on the CED schedules, peaking at midnight (34.6 +/- 8.1 mM and 35.4 +/- 8.8 mM in CBA and TO mice on 20% CED, respectively, and 3.7 +/- 1.2 mM and 6.6 +/- 2.1 mM in CBA and TO mice on 10% CED). Naive CBA mice had slightly higher liver ADH activity as compared to their TO counterparts. No effect of 10% CED on liver ADH activity was found in either mouse strain. In conclusion, we have confirmed the importance of monitoring plasma ethanol levels during chronic treatment, as there is marked diurnal variation, dependent on the light/dark cycle. Factors such as strain of the animal and the method of delivery of ethanol are also important, whereas liver ADH plays a minor role. Monitoring the daily ethanol consumption is insufficient to predict the resulting plasma levels of the drug.

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Ethanol ‘dose‐dependent’ elimination: Michaelis‐Menten v classical kinetic analysis.

Cited by 94 publications

References 13 publications

Comparison of urological irrigating fluids containing glycine and mannitol in volunteers

Comparison of urological irrigating fluids containing glycine and mannitol in volunteers

Evidence-based survey of the elimination rates of ethanol from blood with applications in forensic casework

Diurnal variation in plasma ethanol levels of TO and CBA mice on chronic ethanol drinking or ethanol liquid diet schedules

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