Ethanol exposure disrupted the formation of radial glial processes and impaired the generation and migration of outer radial glial cells in forebrain organoids derived from human embryonic stem cells

Neural crest cells and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: Mechanisms and potential targets for prevention

“…The pathogenesis of FASD is a complex and multifactorial process, and apoptosis is considered a major mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of FASD [ 38 , 80 , 98 ]. NCCs are among the most vulnerable cell populations affected by ethanol exposure.…”