Ethanol Extract from Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson Induces G1 Cell Cycle Arrest by Regulating Akt/GSK-3β/p53 Signaling Pathways in AGS Gastric Cancer Cells

Extracts from Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson Induces Apoptosis and G1 Cell Cycle Arrest through Reducing COX-2 Expression by Regulating the Akt/GSK-3β Signaling Pathways

“…1(d). These results indicated that CME treatment induces anti-proliferative, cytotoxic, and cell morphological changes in HT-29 colon cancer cells also like other studies [26][27][35][36][37][38]. Western blot analysis of Bcl-2, Bak, Cytochrome c, COX-IV, and β-actin in cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions of HT-29 cells treated with CME (40~80 μg/mL) for 24 h. The β-actin probe served as protein-loading control in cytosol.…”

“…Furthermore, we confirmed the cell cycle arrest effect of CME and found that the concentration of G1-phase cells increased following treatment with CME Fig. [27][28]. Also, these results indicate that CME-induced cell death characteristics, such as a decrease in cell proliferation and morphological changes, occurred through apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in HT-29 colon cancer cells.…”

“…Many previous studies reported that natural plant extracts suppress cell proliferation in colon cancer cells [35][36][37][38]. Moreover, the treatments of CME did not show cytotoxicity in normal cells such as Fibroblast and HaCaT cells [26,27]. We examined the anti-proliferative and cytotoxic effects of CME using the MTT assay and LDH release assay.…”

“…The bioactive components of Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson is coumarins, which includes osthole, xanthotoxin, isopimpinellin, bergapten, and imperatorin. Osthole, is one of the major coumarin compounds with various pharmacological functions, such as anti-cancer effects [24,25].The anti-cancer effects of CME were determined in various cell lines [26][27][28]. However, research on the HT-29 cells is insufficient yet.…”