Ethanol Production from Schinus molle Essential Oil Extraction Residues

Abstract

The present study determines the best conditions for the fermentation of Schinus molle drupes by the combination of different types of hydrolysis with the search for an adequate yeast strain. Schinus molle seed residues from an essential oil extraction plant (EOEP) have a high potential for ethanol production. Native yeast strains were isolated from the residues and were used to ferment the lignocellulosic residues, along with baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) at 30 °C and pH 5.5 for comparison. Morphological and biochemical characterizations were carried out on the isolated yeast strains. Thermogravimetric and high-performance liquid chromatography analyses were done on the S. molle seeds (fresh and residue) to determine the ethanol production potential. The followed methodology included increasing the sugar content by hydrolysis with chemical (sulphuric acid, acetic acid, and sodium hydroxide), physical (thermal, vacuum, and ultrasound), and enzymatic treatments (amyloglucosidase and α-amylase). Once the optimum combination of yeast-hydrolysis was determined, a comparison of the greenhouse gas emissions between the original and proposed processes was done. The fermentation of the residues might replace methane from uncontrolled decomposition and reduce the solid residues in 50%/day, hence the EOEP global warming potential is reduced by 47%. The yearly income was estimated to increase by USD 2592.50 from 6302.6 L of ethanol produced from the residues.

Analysis of the Chemical, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Pink Pepper (Schinus molle L.)

“…Therefore, we ruled out the hypothesis that fucose would be present in considerable amount in commercial S. molle. Further, Solis et al reported that fresh and residue seeds of S. molle contained 16% glucose; however, they did not confirm fructose and fucose [22]. In our method, we used 70% EtOH for sample extraction, while Feriani et al used hot water extraction for S. molle fruits from Tunisia.…”

An effective acid pretreatment of agricultural biomass residues for the production of second-generation bioethanol

“…The physical and chemical pretreatments performed on beet and date materials were required to reduce recalcitrance biomass for hydrolyzing complex sugars (mainly sucrose) into simple intermediate products and increase the reactive surface area [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. A comparison of the yield and concentration of ethanol of all fermentation processes is presented in Table 3.…”

“…Thus, an efficient pretreatment should increase the content of fermentable sugars (glucose, fructose, galactose, etc.) and will results in a good yield of fermentative bioethanol [6,10,11]. Palm date is very rich in sucrose, fructose and glucose.…”

Valorization of residual lignocellulosic biomass in South America: a review

“…Seeds of drupes of the pirul ( Schinus mole ) tree were ground and subjected to acid hydrolysis obtaining 14 g/L of monosaccharides and to enzymatic hydrolysis obtaining 3.2 g/L of monosaccharides. Finally, fermentation was carried out comparing native yeasts and common yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; with the former, an ethanol concentration between 200 and 250 mg/g was obtained, while with the latter only 125 mg/g (Solis et al, 2020 ).…”