Ethical Challenges Associated with Pathogen and Host Genetics in Infectious Disease

Milne, Richard; Patch, Christine

doi:10.1080/20502877.2022.2109697

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 44 publications

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“…However, making NG-WGS part of routine practice also comes with risks stemming from the detailed information that the technology can reveal, limited patient and provider understanding, and issues related to cost, trust in health systems, sustainability, and other challenges [7,[16][17][18][19][20]. This is particularly true in LMICs where TB control programs tend to be underresourced, health systems strained, and where implementations of novel technologies in the name of development have mixed records, including imbrication with ongoing legacies of colonialism and other forms of exploitation [6,8,[21][22][23][24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Botswana tuberculosis (TB) stakeholders broadly support scaling up next-generation whole genome sequencing: Ethical and practical considerations for Botswana and global health

Molldrem,

Bagani,

Subrahmanyam

et al. 2023

PLOS Glob Public Health

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Global health agencies are increasingly promoting the scale-up of next-generation whole genome sequencing (NG-WGS) of pathogens into infectious disease control programs, including for tuberculosis (TB). However, little is known about how stakeholders in low-to-middle income countries (LMICs) understand the ethics, benefits, and risks of these proposals. We conducted a qualitative study in Greater Gaborone, Botswana to learn how TB stakeholders there viewed a potential scale-up of NG-WGS into Botswana’s TB program. We conducted 30 interviews and four deliberative dialogues with TB stakeholders based in Greater Gaborone, the country’s largest city and capital. We created and showed participants an animated video series about a fictional family that experienced TB diagnosis, treatment, contact tracing, and data uses that were informed by NG-WGS. We analyzed transcripts using reflexive thematic analysis. We found broad support for the scale-up of TB NG-WGS in Botswana, owing to perceived benefits. Support was qualified with statements about ensuring adequate planning, resource-allocation, community and stakeholder engagement, capacity-building, and assessing ethical norms around publishing data. Our results suggest that scaling up NG-WGS for TB in Botswana would be supported by stakeholders there, contingent upon the government and other entities adequately investing in the initiative. These findings are relevant to other LMICs considering scale-ups of NG-WGS and related technologies for infectious diseases and suggest the need for sustained research into the acceptability of pathogen sequencing in other contexts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Botswana tuberculosis (TB) stakeholders broadly support scaling up next-generation whole genome sequencing: Ethical and practical considerations for Botswana and global health

Molldrem,

Bagani,

Subrahmanyam

et al. 2023

PLOS Glob Public Health

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Genomics for public health and international surveillance of antimicrobial resistance

Baker,

Jauneikaite,

Hopkins

et al. 2023

The Lancet Microbe

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A comparative study on green synthesis and characterization of Mn doped ZnO nanocomposite for antibacterial and photocatalytic applications

Hasan,

Liu,

Kanwal

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Biological and green synthesis of nanomaterial is a superior choice over chemical and physical methods due to nanoscale attributes implanted in a green chemistry matrix, have sparked a lot of interest for their potential uses in a variety of sectors. This research investigates the growing relevance of nanocomposites manufactured using ecologically friendly, green technologies. The transition to green synthesis correlates with the worldwide drive for environmentally sound procedures, limiting the use of traditional harsh synthetic techniques. Herein, manganese was decorated on ZnO NPs via reducing agent of Withania-extract and confirmed by UV-spectrophotometry with highest peak at 1:2 ratio precursors, and having lower bandgap energy (3.3 eV). XRD showed the sharp peaks and confirms the formation of nanoparticles, having particle size in range of 11–14 nm. SEM confirmed amorphous tetragonal structure while EDX spectroscopy showed the presence of Zn and Mn in all composition. Green synthesized Mn-decorated ZnO-NPs screened against bacterial strains and exhibited excellent antimicrobial activities against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. To check further, applicability of synthesized Mn-decorated Zn nanocomposites, their photocatalytic activity against toxic water pollutants (methylene blue (MB) dye) were also investigated and results showed that 53.8% degradation of MB was done successfully. Furthermore, the installation of green chemistry in synthesizing nanocomposites by using plant extract matrix optimizes antibacterial characteristics, antioxidant and biodegradability, helping to build sustainable green Mn decorated ZnO nanomaterial. This work, explains how biologically friendly Mn-doped ZnO nanocomposites can help reduce the environmental impact of traditional packaging materials. Based on these findings, it was determined that nanocomposites derived from biological resources should be produced on a wide scale to eradicate environmental and water contaminants through degradation.

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Ethical Challenges Associated with Pathogen and Host Genetics in Infectious Disease

Cited by 5 publications

References 44 publications

Botswana tuberculosis (TB) stakeholders broadly support scaling up next-generation whole genome sequencing: Ethical and practical considerations for Botswana and global health

Botswana tuberculosis (TB) stakeholders broadly support scaling up next-generation whole genome sequencing: Ethical and practical considerations for Botswana and global health

Genomics for public health and international surveillance of antimicrobial resistance

A comparative study on green synthesis and characterization of Mn doped ZnO nanocomposite for antibacterial and photocatalytic applications

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