Ethnic differences in the relationship between fasting leptin and BMI in children

Moore, Sophie E.; Falorni, A; Bini, Vittorio; Fulford, Anthony J. C.; O’Connell, Maria A.; Prentice, Andrew M.

doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0802484

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…It illustrates a comparison of leptin levels in undernourished Gambian children compared with an age-and sex-matched reference group from Italy. 41 Leptin levels show quite a shallow slope against body mass index (BMI, kg/m 2 ) for all individuals below the reference norm (i.e., zero standard deviation score). Most of the Italian children were above the reference norm indicating a chronic energy surplus that must be stored as fat.…”

Section: Leptin As a Starvation Hormone: Functionality At Low Levelsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Leptin and Undernutrition

et al. 2002

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Section: Leptin As a Starvation Hormone: Functionality At Low Levelsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Leptin and Undernutrition

et al. 2002

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“…A study of 74 African-American and Caucasian pre-pubertal children found no ethnic differences in leptin levels when adjusting for differences in body composition measured by DEXA (27). In contrast, a study comparing Italian and west African children aged 6–10 years found that at all levels of BMI, the Italian children showed a greater level of leptin than the Gambian children (28). However, the use of BMI in growing children and in inter-ethnic studies has its limitations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Ethnic differences in leptin and adiponectin levels between Greenlandic Inuit and Danish children

Munch‐Andersen

Sørensen

Aachmann-Andersen

et al. 2013

International Journal of Circumpolar Health

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ObjectiveIn a recent study, we found that Greenlandic Inuit children had a more adverse metabolic profile than Danish children. Aerobic fitness and adiposity could only partly account for the differences. Therefore, we set out to evaluate and compare plasma leptin and adiponectin levels in Danish and Inuit children.MethodsIn total, 187 Inuit and 132 Danish children (5.7–17.1 years) had examinations of anthropometrics, body fat content, pubertal staging, fasting blood and aerobic fitness.ResultsPlasma leptin was higher in Danish boys [3,774 (4,741–3,005)] [pg/mL unadjusted geometric mean (95% CI)] compared to both northern [2,076 (2,525–1,706)] (p<0.001) and southern (2,515 (3,137–2,016)) (p<0.001) living Inuit boys and higher in Danish girls [6,988 (8,353–5,847)] compared to southern living Inuit girls [4,910 (6,370–3,785)] (p=0.021) and tended to be higher compared to northern living Inuit girls [5,131 (6,444–4,085)] (p=0.052). Plasma adiponectin was higher for both Danish boys [22,359 (2,573–19,428)] [ng/mL unadjusted geometric mean (95% CI)] and girls [26,609 (28,994–24,420)] compared to southern living Inuit boys [15,306 (18,406–12,728)] and girls [18,864 (22,640–15,717)] (both p<0.001), respectively. All differences remained after adjustment for body fat percentage (BF%), aerobic fitness, age and puberty. The leptin/adiponectin ratio was higher in Danish boys and tended to be higher in Danish girls compared to northern living Inuit boys and girls, respectively. These differences were eliminated after adjustment for BF%, aerobic fitness, age and puberty.ConclusionsIn contrast to our hypothesis, plasma leptin was higher in Danish children despite a more healthy metabolic profile compared to Inuit children. As expected, plasma adiponectin was lowest in Inuit children with the most adverse metabolic profile.

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“…Leptin levels were strongly correlated with indices of obesity (BMI and WC) in the whole group as well as in obese youths. However, a previous study [36] reported no correlation between leptin levels and BMI in obese youths, suggesting ethnic differences [37] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In obese subjects, only the levels of leptin and IR were higher in girls compared to boys, otherwise, gender had no effect on all other parameters. Higher levels of leptin [34,35] , TG [36] and IR [37] and lower levels of ALT [38] have previously been reported in females compared to males. The stage of puberty had a marked influence on certain components of MetS, as both the non-obese and obese individuals in the higher puberty stage had significantly higher values for BMI, systolic BP, insulin, leptin, and IR compared to those at lower puberty stage, however, puberty status had no effect on diastolic BP, glucose, lipids, TG, UA and ALT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of Leptinemia with Components of Metabolic Syndrome in Youths: Influence of Obesity, Gender and Stage of Puberty

Touzani¹,

Chabraoui²,

Drai³

et al. 2016

JDO

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Objective: To evaluate correlation of leptinemia with components of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) in Moroccan youths, and effect of obesity, Blood Pressure (BP), gender and puberty stage on MetS-components. Study design: Anthropomorphic, metabolic and clinical parameters [Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC), energy intake, Blood Pressure (BP), Plasma levels of lipids, leptin, Alanine-Amino Transferase (ALT), Apo-B, Uric Acid (UA), glucose, insulin and Insulin Resistance (IR) (Homeostasis-Model-Assessment (HOMA-IR) and Fcβ (intra hepatic-IR)] were determined in 82 obese and 51 non-obese, male and female youths at different stages of puberty. Results: Obesity was a major but not the only determinant of levels of leptin, BP, triglycerides, insulin, UA and ALT, and HOMA-IR, Fcβ; BMI was correlated with WC, BP and UA. Girls had higher leptin levels than boys, irrespective of obesity. Higher puberty stage was associated with higher values of BP, leptin, and ALT, irrespective of gender. Leptinemia was correlated with MetS-components: BMI, WC, BP, cholesterol, triglycerides, Apo-B, insulin, UA and HOMA-IR in all subjects; 10.8 -16.2% of obese youths had MetS. Conclusions: Leptinemia was correlated with several MetS-components. Hyperleptinemia in youths, indicating leptin resistance and IR, could predict development of MetS and cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Early detection of MetS may be helpful in identifying those at risk for T 2 DM and CV disease, and preventive measures may be protect them from development of metabolic and cardiac disorders in the future.

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Ethnic differences in the relationship between fasting leptin and BMI in children

Cited by 15 publications

References 22 publications

Leptin and Undernutrition

Leptin and Undernutrition

Ethnic differences in leptin and adiponectin levels between Greenlandic Inuit and Danish children

Correlation of Leptinemia with Components of Metabolic Syndrome in Youths: Influence of Obesity, Gender and Stage of Puberty

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