Ethnic variations regarding clinical profiles and symptom representation in prisoners with psychotic disorders

Denzel, A. Dorina; Harte, J.M.; Bergh, Mattis van den; Scherder, E.J.A.

doi:10.1192/bjo.2017.3

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(80 reference statements)

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“…Forensic patients with psychiatric disorders showed various neuropsychological impairments, mainly related to memory, cognition and impulsivity, which can increase the risk of violent behavior [52][53][54][55][56] . This fact matches the literature in that it affirms the importance of neuropsychological assessment of psychiatric and neurological patients, as it can provide important information about risk factors, deficits or associated dysfunctions 57,58 .…”

Section: In the Forensic Context Neuropsychological Assessment Is Com...supporting

confidence: 86%

Neuropsychological Assessment in The Forensic Context: A Scoping Review

Silva

Hamdan

2022

BJFS

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The introduction of neuropsychologists in legal practice allowed for the field of forensic neuropsychology to arise. However, it is still a recent field of knowledge that is in continuous development. The existing literature highlights the incipience of studies in this area and the need for adaptation of instruments and methods. Thus, this scoping review aims to analyze how neuropsychological assessment has been employed so far in the forensic context. In order to do this, a search and a follow-up were conducted in the databases PsycInfo, Scopus and Web of Science. The query used for both searches was "(neuropsychological assessment OR neuropsychological test)" AND "forensic" OR "forensic neuropsychology". Initially, 1001 papers were identified, and after a two-stage screening process, 83 articles were included for analysis. Regarding neuropsychological assessment, the most investigated constructs were cognitive levels, memory and symptom validity. The heterogeneity of employed instruments we found in the studies evidenced the great existing variability in forensic neuropsychological practice. Among the most assessed populations were individuals with psychiatric, psychological or neurological diagnoses and male adult detainees in general. With this review, we expect to provide an overview on the current state of forensic neuropsychology, as well as information that may serve as a starting point for new research and further developments in the field.

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Section: In the Forensic Context Neuropsychological Assessment Is Com...supporting

confidence: 86%

Neuropsychological Assessment in The Forensic Context: A Scoping Review

Silva

Hamdan

2022

BJFS

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“…Some studies have found that forensic patients are more likely to be diagnosed with psychotic disorders, including SSD, if they have a migrant or ethnic minority background [24,27,28]. In this context, the role of ethnic variations in symptomatology of SSD remains to be clarified [29,30]. Cultural and linguistic differences between ethnic minority patients and mental health professionals have been reported to complicate diagnostic and therapeutic practice in both general and forensic psychiatry [10,[31][32][33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Similarities and Differences of Non-European Migrants among Forensic Patients with Schizophrenia

Huber

Lau

Sonnweber

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Migrants diagnosed with schizophrenia are overrepresented in forensic-psychiatric clinics. A comprehensive characterization of this offender subgroup remains to be conducted. The present exploratory study aims at closing this research gap. In a sample of 370 inpatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders who were detained in a Swiss forensic-psychiatric clinic, 653 different variables were analyzed to identify possible differences between native Europeans and non-European migrants. The exploratory data analysis was conducted by means of supervised machine learning. In order to minimize the multiple testing problem, the detected group differences were cross-validated by applying six different machine learning algorithms on the data set. Subsequently, the variables identified as most influential were used for machine learning algorithm building and evaluation. The combination of two childhood-related factors and three therapy-related factors allowed to differentiate native Europeans and non-European migrants with an accuracy of 74.5% and a predictive power of AUC = 0.75 (area under the curve). The AUC could not be enhanced by any of the investigated criminal history factors or psychiatric history factors. Overall, it was found that the migrant subgroup was quite similar to the rest of offender patients with schizophrenia, which may help to reduce the stigmatization of migrants in forensic-psychiatric clinics. Some of the predictor variables identified may serve as starting points for studies aimed at developing crime prevention approaches in the community setting and risk management strategies tailored to subgroups of offenders with schizophrenia.

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“…Due to rising immigration in recent years, cultural influences on mental health and delinquency are increasingly gaining in significance. Enhancing public and prison health care should not only be seen as a political duty; being responsive to the requirements of different minority groups also involves promoting the process of social integration, maintaining mental health, and preventing the aggravation of psychiatric symptoms (22,72,73).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foreign National Patients in German Prison Psychiatry

2020

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Introduction: Over the past few years, the share of foreign national prisoners in the European and American justice systems has increased at a disproportionately high rate, yet studies on mental health issues among this diverse group are rare. Recent research suggests a range of factors leading to mental health vulnerability in foreign national prisoners, including language barriers, isolation, cultural misunderstanding, and legal standing. Relevant findings of topic-related studies indicate that under-referral to mental health services due to missed or misinterpreted symptoms is a major risk for foreign national prisoners. Aims: We aimed to investigate the disparities regarding the percentage of foreign national patients who were treated in high-security hospitals compared to the psychiatric ward of prison hospitals-after adjusting for diagnosis, age, marital status, and substance abuse. We hypothesized that foreign national patients were underrepresented in compulsory, high-security mental health care. We also aimed to explore citizenship-related institutional disparities concerning diagnoses and self-harmful behavior. Method: From 2010 to 2015, data collected from high-security hospitals in the federal state of Baden-Wurttemberg and the psychiatric ward of a Berlin prison hospital was evaluated by comparing nationality, diagnosis, and self-harm using Fisher's exact test and c²-test. The odds ratios for citizenship-related differences in diagnosis and institution of treatment were evaluated by using logistic regression. Results: Mentally ill foreign national patients were significantly less likely to be treated in high-security hospitals rather than prison hospital psychiatry (adjusted for diagnosis, age at admission, marital status, and substance abuse; adjusted OR = 0.5). Foreign nationals and Germans in prison hospital psychiatry showed no significant disparities in diagnosis; however, in high-security hospitals, foreign nationals were more likely to have been diagnosed with schizophrenia/psychotic or neurotic/stress-related disorders and were less likely to have been diagnosed with personality disorders than German patients. Additionally, foreign nationals were more likely to commit self-harm than Germans in

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Ethnic variations regarding clinical profiles and symptom representation in prisoners with psychotic disorders

Cited by 6 publications

References 60 publications

Neuropsychological Assessment in The Forensic Context: A Scoping Review

Neuropsychological Assessment in The Forensic Context: A Scoping Review

Exploring Similarities and Differences of Non-European Migrants among Forensic Patients with Schizophrenia

Foreign National Patients in German Prison Psychiatry

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