Ethnicity, substance use, and response to booster hepatitis B vaccination in anti-HBs-seronegative adolescents who had received primary infantile vaccination

Wang, Li-Yu; Lin, Hans Hsienhong

doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2007.01.022

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The latest guidelines of the Steering Committee for the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases in Asia recommend a booster dose of HBV vaccine: (i) 10 to 15 years after primary vaccination in Asian populations where the virus is highly endemic and where it is not feasible to monitor antibody levels; (ii) in immunocompromised patients when the antibody titre falls to below10 mIU/mL; and (iii) in health-care workers 48 . A booster dose was also suggested for individuals who have a poor response to the vaccine and for high-risk adolescents 49 . Nevertheless, a single booster dose may not be sufficient as it has been reported that 2.7% to 3.3% of children remained antibody-negative after the booster, 25 , 34 probably because it did not induce an immune response in healthy adolescents who had an undetectable antibody titre.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-specific prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in young pregnant women, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China

Lao

Sahota

Law

et al. 2014

Bull. World Health Organ.

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ObjectiveTo investigate the age-specific prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in young pregnant women in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR), China, and to determine whether an increase in prevalence occurs during adolescence.MethodsHBV prevalence was quantified using data from routine antenatal screening for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in 10 808 women aged 25 years or younger born in Hong Kong SAR and managed at a single hospital between 1998 and 2011. The effect on prevalence of maternal age, parity and birth before or after HBV vaccine availability in 1984 was assessed, using Spearman’s correlation and multiple logistic regression analysis.FindingsOverall, 7.5% of women were HBsAg-positive. The prevalence ranged from 2.3% to 8.4% in those aged ≤ 16 and 23 years, respectively. Women born in or after 1984 and those younger than 18 years of age were less likely to be HBsAg-positive (odds ratio, OR: 0.679; 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.578–0.797) and (OR: 0.311; 95% CI: 0.160–0.604), respectively. For women born before 1984, there was no association between HBsAg carriage and being younger than 18 years of age (OR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.262–1.370) Logistic regression analysis showed that the prevalence of HBsAg carriage was influenced more by the woman being 18 years old or older (adjusted OR, aOR: 2.80; 95% CI: 1.46–5.47) than being born before 1984 (aOR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.21–1.67).ConclusionImmunity to HBV in young pregnant women who had been vaccinated as neonates decreased in late adolescence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-specific prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in young pregnant women, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China

Lao

Sahota

Law

et al. 2014

Bull. World Health Organ.

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“…Wang in Taiwan has concluded that the response to HBV vaccine in low socio-economic areas was lower (35). Another study showed that low BMI, smoking, and some specific races had adverse effect on HBV immune response, but low weight and short stature did not (36). In a study on rats in Japan, results showed that most of rats with PEM did not respond to HBV immunization, while all rats in control group responded.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccine-Induced Anti-HBs Level in 5-6 Year-Old Malnourished Children

et al. 2013

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Background: Malnutrition is the most common cause of immune deficiency. It results in reduced secretion of T-cells and B-cell-stimulating factors leading to declining of special immunoglobulins. On the other hand, hepatitis B, as a major world health problem, can be prevented effectively by vaccination. Three doses of hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine induce protective levels of anti-hepatitis B surface (anti-HBs) in 95% of healthy children. This level decreases gradually over time. Objectives: The goal of this study was to assess anti-HBs in malnourished children, who confronted to some degrees of immune deficiency. Patients and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted during May to August 2010 in therapeutic clinics of Yazd, Iran. Samples were selected simply and consecutively among 5-6 year-old children with a history of three doses of HBV vaccine in infancy. On the basis of World Health Organization's definition on malnutrition, which considers anthropometric measurements, malnourished children entered the study. Totally 83 cases (37 boys and 46 girls) were gathered and classified into three groups of mild, moderate, and severe malnutrition. One milliliter of venous blood was taken and anti-HBs were tested by enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). Results: Overall, seroprotection rate and geometric mean titer (GMT) of anti-HBs were 60.2% and 15.47 ± 10.92 mIU/mL, respectively. Seroprotection rate was 71.4%, 55.2%, and 72.7% in mild, moderate, and severe malnourished children, respectively. GMT was 30.78 mIU/mL, 12.15 mIU/mL, and 22.95 mIU/mL in these groups, respectively. None of these two indices were significant in these groups (P = 0.471, P = 0.364). Seroprotection rate and GMT were 54.1% and 13.26 ± 11.59 mIU/mL in boys, and 65.2% and 17.5 ± 10.59 mIU/mL in girls, respectively, showing no significant relationship with gender (P = 0.302, P = 0.602). Lowest seroprotection rate was in stunted cases (47.1%) and highest in wasted children (77.8%). This difference also was not significant (P = 0.43). Conclusions:The seroprotection rate and GMT of anti-HBs observed in this study do not show a high level of immunity. These two indices were not related to severity of malnutrition. We conclude that severity of malnutrition does not affect vaccine-induced antibody level and seroprotection rate; however small sample size in each group of study hinders decisive conclusion. Moreover, GMT and seroprotection rate showed no relationship with type of abnormal anthropometric index, including weight for height, weight for age, and height for age.

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“…However, one booster dose of vaccine may not be sufficient to induce immune response in healthy adolescents with undetectable prebooster antibody titres, since the response can be impaired by factors such as ethnicity and substance use [49]. However, one booster dose of vaccine may not be sufficient to induce immune response in healthy adolescents with undetectable prebooster antibody titres, since the response can be impaired by factors such as ethnicity and substance use [49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of neonatal hepatitis B vaccination programme on age-specific prevalence of hepatitis B infection in teenage mothers in Hong Kong

et al. 2012

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We examined the impact of the neonatal hepatitis B immunization programme, first provided to all neonates born to mothers screened positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in late 1983, on the age-specific prevalence of HBsAg carriage in teenage mothers managed in 1998–2008. HBsAg carriage was found in 2.5%, 2.7%, 8.8% and 8.0% of mothers aged ≤ 16, 17, 18, and 19 years, respectively (P=0.004), which was also correlated with advancing age (P=0.011). While neither difference nor correlation with age was found in mothers born before 1984, the prevalence of 1.2%, 1.5%, 7.1% and 8.3%, respectively, was significantly different among (P=0.008) and correlated with (P=0.002) age in mothers born 1984 onwards. Regression analysis indicated there was a significantly higher incidence of HBsAg carriage from age 17 onwards (adjusted odds ratio 2.55, 95% confidence interval 1.07–6.10, P=0.035), suggesting that the protective effect of the vaccine declined in late adolescence.

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Ethnicity, substance use, and response to booster hepatitis B vaccination in anti-HBs-seronegative adolescents who had received primary infantile vaccination

Cited by 22 publications

References 40 publications

Age-specific prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in young pregnant women, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China

Age-specific prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in young pregnant women, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China

Vaccine-Induced Anti-HBs Level in 5-6 Year-Old Malnourished Children

Impact of neonatal hepatitis B vaccination programme on age-specific prevalence of hepatitis B infection in teenage mothers in Hong Kong

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