Ethnobotanical knowledge and conservation practices of indigenous people of Mbeliling Forest Area, Indonesia

Abstract

Abstract. Mulu M, Ntelok ZRE, SII P, Mulu H. 2020. Ethnobotanical knowledge and conservation practices of indigenous people of Mbeliling Forest Area, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1861-1873. The indigenous people of Mbeliling Forest Area, Indonesia have long interacted with nature, in the form of utilizing forest resources for their survival. Therefore it is essential to identify the plants used to support their lives. In addition, they also have traditional institutions that manage the lives within groups. It is necessary to study the forms of environmental conservation applied by the indigenous people. This research is qualitative research with an ethnographic method and case studies. The research data is collected through observation and interviews. The data were analyzed descriptively and qualitatively. The results showed that total of 158 plant species belonging to126 genera and 64 families are used in the study area. They include 26 species used for food, 6 species for drinks, 60 species for medicine, 38 species for construction, 26 species for craft, 8 species for coloring, 6 species for cosmetics, 7 species for pesticides, and 16 species for traditional rituals. In terms of conservation, indigenous people work together with the village government. The forest area is divided into ulayat forests (communal forest) and protected forests. The management of communal forests is the right of indigenous people so that it functions as a production forest. Although communal forests are the right of indigenous people, which is managed by customary leaders, its utilization is affected by the status of protected forests established by the government. In protected forests, there are no plantations or agricultural activities.

Ethnobotanical investigation of spice and condiment plants used by the Taming tribe in Aceh, Indonesia

“…This knowledge was passed down from generation to generation (Tamin and Albain 1995). Ethnobotany studies the relationship between human beings and plants, not only their use, but also ecological, economic, social, and culture (Maheshwari et al 2018;Suwardi et al 2018;Supiandi et al 2019;Mulu et al 2020). Ethnobotany can be used as a method to record the traditional knowledge of the local communities that have used various plants to support their livelihoods (Suryadarma 2010;Navia et al 2020;Suwardi et al 2020b;Suwardi et al 2020c).…”

Studi Evaluasi Formatif Pengelolaan Ekowisata ‘Burung Indonesia’ di Mbeliling, Flores

“…Sejauh ini penelitian yang telah dilakukan membahas beberapa hal, Firdaus (Firdaus, 2012(Firdaus, , 2016, Wirateja (Wirateja et al, 2019), dan Duryatmo (Duryatmo et al, 2019) mencoba melihat dari perspektif sosial tentang isu-isu kemasyarakatan di Mbeliling. Sementara Hamzati (Hamzati & Aunurohim, 2013a) dan Mulu (Mulu et al, 2020), melakukan kajian flora dan fauna di Mbeliling dari sudut pandang biologi. Pada kesempatan lain Sawaludin (Sawaludin & Salahudin, 2018) mengangkat topik kewarganegaraan.…”

“…Kawasan hutan Mbeliling terletak antara 400-1.200 meter di atas permukaan laut. (Mulu et al, 2020) Dua habitat utama di Mbeliling adalah hutan hujan tropis semihijau dan hutan gugur tropis, yang memiliki prioritas tertinggi untuk konservasi keanekaragaman hayati di daerah tropis. Sumber daya hutan yang melimpah sayangnya tidak berkontribusi sebagaimana mestinya di dalam mengurangi angka kemiskinan, pembangunan ekonomi dan sosial, serta kelestarian lingkungan.…”

PFNM e os Tupinambá do Acuípe: identificação e registro a partir do uso pela comunidade

“…Do ponto de vista da conservação da biodiversidade, "a exploração de PFNM é favorável, pois incentiva os habitantes a manterem os ecossistemas naturais em pé, pois deles derivam recursos financeiros" (BRITES et al, 2016). Dentre os estudos analisados em âmbito nacional e internacional (publicados entre 2011 e 2021) relacionados aos PFNM, que nortearam a pesquisa, destacamse: Mulu et al (2020) realizaram um estudo etnobotânico para identificar plantas que vêm sendo utilizadas pela comunidade indígena da área florestal Mbeliling, Indonésia. Os pesquisadores identificaram 158 espécies, destas, 26 servem de alimento, 6 para bebida, 60 para uso medicinal, 38 para construção vernacular de edificações, 26 para confecção de artesanato, 8 para extração de pigmentos, 6 como cosméticos, 7 como pesticidas e 16 utilizadas para rituais tradicionais.…”