Ethylene glycol, an efficient and recoverable medium for copper-catalyzedN-arylation of diazoles under microwave irradiation

Green alternative solvents for the copper-catalysed arylation of phenols and amides

“…[3][4][5][6] The range of polarities and boiling points also make these solvents good alternatives for the traditional ones. While alcohols present obvious problems in applications such as C-heteroatom cross couplings, being able to act as competitive nucleophiles (very few examples of copper-catalysed C-N couplings in alcohol media have been reported 28,29 ), acetate solvents may be utilised with less concern. These solvents have been used in several transition metal-catalysed processes, [30][31][32][33] including recent Cu-catalysed C-H oxidation processes, 34 but no investigation in Cu-catalysed arylations has been reported to date.…”