Etude de la capacité vectorielle de &lt;em&gt;Glossina palpalis gambiensis&lt;/em&gt; (Bobo Dioulasso) vis-à-vis de &lt;em&gt;Trypanosoma brucei brucei&lt;/em&gt; EATRO 1125

In order to identify pathogenic trypanosomes responsible for African trypanosomiasis, and to better understand tsetse-trypanosome relationships, surveys were undertaken in three sites located in different eco-climatic areas in Côte d’Ivoire during the dry and rainy seasons. Tsetse flies were caught during five consecutive days using biconical traps, dissected and microscopically examined looking for trypanosome infection. Samples from infected flies were tested by PCR using specific primers for Trypanosoma brucei s.l., T. congolense savannah type, T. congolense forest type and T. vivax. Of 1941 tsetse flies caught including four species, i.e. Glossina palpalis palpalis, G. p. gambiensis, G. tachinoides and G. medicorum, 513 (26%) were dissected and 60 (12%) were found positive by microscopy. Up to 41% of the infections were due to T. congolense savannah type, 30% to T. vivax, 20% to T. congolense forest type and 9% due to T. brucei s.l. All four trypanosome species and subgroups were identified from G. tachinoides and G. p. palpalis, while only two were isolated from G. p. gambiensis (T. brucei s.l., T. congolense savannah type) and G. medicorum (T. congolense forest, savannah types). Mixed infections were found in 25% of cases and all involved T. congolense savannah type with another trypanosome species. The simultaneous occurrence of T. brucei s.l., and tsetse from the palpalis group may suggest that human trypanosomiasis can still be a constraint in these localities, while high rates of T. congolense and T. vivax in the area suggest a potential risk of animal trypanosomiasis in livestock along the Comoé River.

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Detection and identification of pathogenic trypanosome species in tsetse flies along the Comoé River in Côte d’Ivoire

Denis

Kaba

Rayaissé

et al. 2015

Parasite

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Control strategies for sleeping sickness in Central Africa: a model‐based approach

Artzrouni

Gouteux

1996

Tropical Med Int Health

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Vector control and the detection (followed by treatment) of infected individuals are the two methods currently available for the control of sleeping sickness. The basic reproduction rate of a compartmental model is used to analyse and compare the two strategies. The efficiency of each strategy will depend on two epidemiologic parameters; the intrinsic contamination rate Q (closely related to the index of new contaminations) that captures the potential spread of the disease, and the intrinsic removal rate from the first stage (intrinsic to the particular trypanosome strain and to the population's susceptibility). The model shows that when the intrinsic removal rate is low (that is, when there is a long first stage characteristic of an endemic situation) the detection of sick individuals is more efficient than vector control. The situation is reversed when the removal rate is high (in an epidemic situation). The conclusions of the analysis are shown to be in general agreement with results obtained in two different sleeping sickness foci of Central Africa.

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Etude de la capacité vectorielle de <em>Glossina palpalis gambiensis</em> (Bobo Dioulasso) vis-à-vis de <em>Trypanosoma brucei brucei</em> EATRO 1125

Cited by 2 publications

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Detection and identification of pathogenic trypanosome species in tsetse flies along the Comoé River in Côte d’Ivoire

Detection and identification of pathogenic trypanosome species in tsetse flies along the Comoé River in Côte d’Ivoire

Control strategies for sleeping sickness in Central Africa: a model‐based approach

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