Etude de la répartition spatiale des effets du transport de neige par le vent ; premiers travaux réalisés à partir de mesures systématiques sur le terrain

Mases, Montserrat; Buisson, Laurent; Good, William V.; Vilaplana, J. M.

doi:10.1051/lhb/1995045

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…This control was observed in all the surveys made after each wind episode. The importance of slope angle in controlling the distribution of erosion and depositional zones was also observed at Stillberg, Swiss Alps (Mases and others, 1995).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 74%

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Aeolian susceptibility maps: methodology and applications

2001

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In this paper we present a new methodology for the study of drifting-snow phenomena at an Alpine site This method emphasizes the accurate determination of local wind directions and the distribution of snow denudation and accumulation zones through the observation, measurement and mapping of aeolian “snowforms” and drifts. The aim is to find out whether the local wind directions on extensive surfaces in mountain areas (of about a few km2) are independent of the main wind intensity and direction, and whether valid erosion and accumulation zones are spatially stable and can be established for dominant winds. The methodology proposed to study the spatial distribution of snow by the wind has been used in the redesign of an old ski slope at La Molina, a resort in the eastern Spanish Pyrenees. Results have been very useful for deciding the design of the slopes. Therefore, we believe that the prediction of spatial snow distribution by wind in mountain areas, without the need for expensive instruments, has a valuable part to play in the management of mountain and ski resorts and roads, and in avalanche forecasting.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Mases (1997) used aeolian snowforms to produce surface wind-direction maps in the Torrent Negre sector at the ski resort La Molina, eastern Spanish Pyrenees. Mases and others (1998) studied a natural snowdrift development and its evolution through snowdrifting events.…”

Section: Previous Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aeolian susceptibility maps: methodology and applications

2001

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“…Snowdrifting has often been studied from its theoretical point-of-view (Kobayashi, 1972; Martinez, 1996; Naaim Bouvet and Naaim, 1995). However, few of these studies have been undertaken in high mountain areas with complicated relief (Castelle, 1990; Duclos, 1993; Mases and Vilaplana 1994; Mases and others, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between snowdrift development and drifted snow during a wind episode

Mases¹,

Font²,

Vilaplana³

1998

Ann. Glaciol.

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ABSTRACT. Snowdrift formation h as been monitored in th e eastern Spa ni sh Pyrenees since 1992 a t a n experimental study plot at the L a M o lina ski reso rt between 2000 a nd 2400 m. Severa l instrum ents were insta lled to cha racteri ze the wind, qua ntify snowmass flux , detec t snowdrifting episodes a nd meas ure the evoluti on o f a natura l snowdrift.This plot is situ ated within a natural snowd rif't a nd is equipped with meas uring in struments such as snow poles, three co lumns of snow co ll ectors (prism atic boxes ) fac ing the domina nt wind s a nd an anemographic sta tion.During th e 4 years of data acquisition, the thickness of the snowdrift has been measured a nd th e snow coll ec tors checked once each week. An active interest has bee n ta ken in the relationship bet ween snowdrift development a nd drifting snow during a wind epi sode.Th e rel a tionship observed betwee n wind, drifting snow a nd th e developm ent of the snowdrift is presented . The res ults show: (1) th e a mount or snow co ll ec ted in th e sn ow collecto rs is rela ted to wind intensity a nd to the ava il a bilit y a nd th e qua lit y of drifting snow, a nd (2) wind intensity principa ll y a ffec ts th e re la ti ve locati o n o f max imum snowdrift . growth rather tha n co ntrolling the thickness of t he snowdrift.By compa ring the evolution of the snowdrift with Ta bl er's (1975) model, we observed that it fits with th e top ographic features of our study a rea for th e three seaso ns shown.

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“…Efficient modelling of avalanche paths and snow volumes requires good knowledge of the amount of accumulated and eroded snow at the avalanche-starting zone. This is why, in 1987, the Division Nivologie of CEMAGREF decided to develop a knowledge-based system for modelling avalanche-path analysis: the ELSA (Étude des Limites de Sites Avalancheux) system (Buisson and Charlier, 1990, 1993; Mases and others, 1995a, b). In particular the ELSA system is aimed at helping specialists in avalanche-path analysis, by giving them a complete working environment and all the necessary tools for avalanche prediction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this paper, we present the validation and improvement of the second module (snow-wind module) with real data from Stillberg, Switzerland. Field data have been analysed (Mases and others, 1995a) in order to understand the spatial distribution of the snow transported by wind in avalanche-starting zones. The results have been used to develop a new empirical model for snowdrift distribution which constitutes the model for the snow-wind module.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empirical model for snowdrift distribution in avalanche-starting zones

et al. 1998

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ABSTR ACT. Field data from Stillberg (Switzerl a nd ), provided by SFISAR, have been a nalysed in order to understa nd th e spati al di stribution of snow transported by wind in avala nche-sta rting zones. T he results have bee n used to develop a new empirical model for snowdrift distribu tion. T his model constitutes the "snow-wind modul e" of the knowledge-based comp uter system ca ll ed ELSA.The model is based on a n empirical para meter call ed the wind or "aeoli en" coeffi cient.It represents th e relation between two snow heig hts at a give n place: th e snow acc umulated at the end ofa wind peri od (or wind epi sode) a nd th e snow available for transport at the beginning of the wind period. The wind coeffi cient has been established using fi eld data from the Still berg site.

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Etude de la répartition spatiale des effets du transport de neige par le vent ; premiers travaux réalisés à partir de mesures systématiques sur le terrain

Cited by 4 publications

References 4 publications

Aeolian susceptibility maps: methodology and applications

Aeolian susceptibility maps: methodology and applications

Relationship between snowdrift development and drifted snow during a wind episode

Empirical model for snowdrift distribution in avalanche-starting zones

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