Eukaryal composition and diversity in anaerobic soils influenced by the novel chiral insecticide Paichongding

Abstract

Paichongding (IPP) is a neonicotinoid chiral insecticide with independent intellectual property in China. IPP application can increase crop yield, and also lead to insecticide residue and pollution in soils, which will affect microbial population and community composition in soils. In this study, four different types of soils were employed to inquire into the impact of IPP on eukaryal community and species-group through pyrosequencing of 18S rRNA gene amplicons. Fungal population differed in different soils at different days after IPP treatment (DAT). Eukaryal community species in CK (control check) groups were more rich than that with Paichongding sprayed at 5 DAT, while eukaryal species in CK soils at 60 DAT was relatively slight. Shannon’s H’ analysis indicated fungal species in CK soils were also higher at 5 DAT and relative lower at 60 DAT, except in soil C. There are also differences in the phyla and genus levels of the eukaryotic communities in the soil. After IPP application, the relative abundance of Nectriaceae increased 3–4 times in soil C. In soil F, Phaeosphaeriaceae increased to 57.3% at 5 DAT. The genus of Guehomyces, Aspergillus and Alternaria increased from 3.1 to 9.7, 1.1 to 4.6, 1.5 to 6.7% in soil H, respectively.

Changes in soil microbial communities after exposure to neonicotinoids: A systematic review

“…In anaerobic soil, paichongding had been found to inhibit bacterial diversity as well as growth (Cai et al, 2015) and the soil bacterial community composition varied at both phylum and genus levels (Cai et al, 2015;Cai et al, 2016a). Paichongding also caused significant differences in eukaryal population before and after application and it could cause some phyla and genera to grow or shrink in anaerobic soils (Zhu et al, 2018). Five studies (17%) reported that acetamiprid, imidacloprid, paichongding and thiamethoxam inhibited soil enzymatic activities (cellulase, urease, dehydrogenase, catalase, phosphatase and phosphomonoesterase) ultimately hampering biogeochemical function of soil such as ammonification, nitrification and denitrification (Cai et al, 2016a;Castillo Diaz et al, 2017;Filimon et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2014).…”