Evaluating the demographic profile and mapping the prevalence of overactive bladder in benign prostrate hypertrophy patients: a retrospective, observational study

Abstract

<p><strong>Background:</strong> The objectives of the study was to evaluate the demographic profile of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients and prevalence of overactive bladder (OAB) among these patients.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> A real-world, retrospective, observational study (DEMO-2) on BPH patients was conducted across India from April-2021 to March-2022. Demographics, BPH characteristics, status of OAB, and their management were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 5881 BPH patients were included with a mean age of 65.3 years and mean BPH duration of 3.2 years. Majority (80.98%) of the patients had associated comorbidity; hypertension (50.2%), diabetes (26.9%) and dyslipidemia (13%) were the most common. Majority (63%) of the patients complained of incomplete bladder emptying. In BPH patients, 29.9% had OAB. These patients had a higher mean prostate volume (44.96 vs. 42.17 cc) and prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels (4.11 vs. 3.79 ng/ml) versus BPH patients without OAB. For BPH, tamsulosin was the most prescribed drug (85.90%) followed by dutasteride (66.90%); tamsulosin + dutasteride was most common combination therapy (32.6%). In BPH patients with OAB, 82% received OAB medications and solifenacin (63.9%) was the most common medication.</p><p><strong>Conclusions</strong>: Majority of the BPH patients were between the ages of 50-75 years. Tamsulosin was the most commonly prescribed medication in BPH patients. Combination of tamsulosin and dutasteride was the mainstay of treatment. OAB was seen in 29.9% of the BPH patients, and solifenacin was the most commonly utilized (63.1%) medication in BPH patients with OAB. About 18% of these patients did not receive any specific medication for OAB. Adequate treatment strategies need to be adopted for BPH patients with OAB.</p>