Evaluation Medicine Availability Before and After NHI Implementation at Health Centers in Keerom District, Papua Province

Abstract

ABSTRAKKetersediaan obat di puskesmas sangat terkait dengan sistem pengelolaan obat yang harus didukung oleh sumber daya yang cukup dan berkesinambungan. Apalagi dengan pelaksanaan program JKN yang berpotensi meningkatkan kebutuhan obat di fasilitas kesehatan. Mengetahui gambaran ketersediaan obat pada puskesmas di Kabupaten Keerom sebelum dan sesudah JKN, mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi ketersediaan obat pada puskesmas, merumuskan solusi untuk meningkatkan ketersediaan obat pada puskesmas di Kabupaten Keerom. Metode penelitian adalah deskriptif. Data diperoleh melalui observasi dokumen obat puskesmas tahun 2012-2015, terhadap 35 jenis obat indikator, serta wawancara dengan pengelola obat dan kepala puskesmas, pengelola obat IFK dan kepala dinas kesehatan Kabupaten Keerom. Analisis data dilengkapi dengan gambar dan tabel. Serta uraian secara naratif. Ketersediaan obat pada puskesmas di Kabupaten Keerom sebelum dan sesudah JKN, adalah sama yaitu dalam kategori aman, tetapi belum mencukupi kebutuhan puskesmas. Ketersediaan obat dengan DOEN/Fornas dan pola penyakit belum sesuai standar, masih ditemukan obat rusak dan kadaluarsa di puskesmas, serta adanya peningkatan waktu kekosongan obat sesudah JKN, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi ketersediaan obat selama periode tersebut, antara lain, permintaan belum optimal, distribusi yang tidak cukup dan merata dari IFK, kurangnya SDM kefarmasian dan dukungan biaya distribusi obat, solusi yang diusulkan adalah peningkatan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan bagi pengelola obat puskesmas, perencanaan kebutuhan SDM kefarmasian, pengadaan SIM persediaan obat, perencanaan obat terpadu dan penyediaan biaya distribusi yang cukup. Kata kunci: ketersediaan obat, puskesmas, Keerom ABSTRACTThe availability of medicine in health center is associated with medicine management system and should be supported by adequate and sustainable resource. The Implementation of National Health Insurance (NHI) program will increase the need for medicine, to describe the medicine availability at primary health center before and after NHI, to identify the factors affect the availability, to compile solutions to increase the medicine availability at health centers in Keerom District. This research method was a descriptive. The data has been gathered based on observations to primary health center's document of 2012 to 2015, for 35 indicator medicine, and interview with the medicine manager and the chief of health center, the manager of pharmacy district and the chief of health office at Keerom District. The data analysis was presented by charts, tables, and in narrative description. The results were the availability of medicine at the health centers in Keerom District, before and after NHI program was same, by category of supply was safe, but insufficient as health center's need. The medicine availability was not appropriate with essential medicine list and illness, the expired and defected medicine still be found, and stock out time increased after NHI. In that period, the factors affect were, th...

Development of a Drug Management Performance Application: A Needs Assessment in Indonesia

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“…In 2017, a study of 6 PHC in Keerom district in Papua showed that, of the 35 most essential medicine, 29% was not available, and 7% of the available medicine were expired. 16 …”