Evaluation of a stress model induced by dietary corticosterone supplementation in broiler breeders: effects on egg yolk corticosterone concentration and biochemical blood parameters

Babacanoğlu, E.; Yalçın, Servet; Uysal, Sezer

doi:10.1080/00071668.2013.847901

Cited by 13 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In our experiment, the negative effect of CORT on the TWBC’s and H/L ratio in CORT-treated chickens, during the week of the injection course, was followed by a gradual improvement that remained low after 1 week of cessation of the CORT injections compared to its values in CONT chickens (the TWBC’s increased again to 35.2 x10 3 /μl vs. 60.8 x10 3 /μl and the H/L ratio decreased again to 0.65 vs. 0.35 in CORT group vs. CONT group, respectively; Fig 3 ). These results are in accordance with those obtained by other researchers [ 14 , 51 , 71 ] who studied the administration of CORT in diets and drinking water of chickens and obtained a high H/L ratio with a high plasma corticosterone values even after interruption of CORT supplementation. These observations assumed that corticosterone directly causes a redistribution of leukocyte components in the blood and a proportional change in the H/L ratio to multiply the cells required for the nonspecific immune response such as heterophils [ 72 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…It was found that exposure to stressors elevates the blood concentration of heterophils (the avian counterpart to the mammalian neutrophils) and depresses the blood concentration of lymphocytes [ 10 ]. As an important immune parameter, the ratio of circulating heterophils to lymphocytes (H/L ratio) is one of the most recognizable symptoms of stress in chickens [ 11 – 14 ]. The administration of exogenous corticosterone resulted in an increase in the plasma corticosterone concentration and H/L ratio with a global decrease in the circulating leukocyte number in young chickens [ 9 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As an important immune parameter, the ratio of circulating heterophils to lymphocytes (H/L ratio) is one of the most recognizable symptoms of stress in chickens [ 11 – 14 ]. The administration of exogenous corticosterone resulted in an increase in the plasma corticosterone concentration and H/L ratio with a global decrease in the circulating leukocyte number in young chickens [ 9 , 13 , 14 ]. On the other hand, lymphocytes in birds are specifically separated into T and B cells during the development of the thymus and bursa of Fabricius glands, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comprehensive growth performance, immune function, plasma biochemistry, gene expressions and cell death morphology responses to a daily corticosterone injection course in broiler chickens

et al. 2017

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The massive meat production of broiler chickens make them continuously exposed to potential stressors that stimulate releasing of stress-related hormones like corticosterone (CORT) which is responsible for specific pathways in biological mechanisms and physiological activities. Therefore, this research was conducted to evaluate a wide range of responses related to broiler performance, immune function, plasma biochemistry, related gene expressions and cell death morphology during and after a 7-day course of CORT injection. A total number of 200 one-day-old commercial Cobb broiler chicks were used in this study. From 21 to 28 d of age, broilers were randomly assigned to one of 2 groups with 5 replicates of 20 birds each; the first group received a daily intramuscular injection of 5 mg/kg BW corticosterone dissolved in 0.5 ml ethanol:saline solution (CORT group), while the second group received a daily intramuscular injection of 0.5 ml ethanol:saline only (CONT group). Growth performance, including body weight (BW), daily weight gain (DG), feed intake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FC), were calculated at 0, 3 and 7 d after the start of the CORT injections. At the same times, blood samples were collected in each group for hematological (TWBC’s and H/L ratio), T- and B-lymphocytes proliferation and plasma biochemical assays (total protein, TP; free triiodothyronine hormone, fT3; aspartate amino transaminase, AST; and alanine amino transaminase, ALT). The liver, thymus, bursa of Fabricius and spleen were dissected and weighed, and the mRNA expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 gene (IGF-1) in liver and cell-death-program gene (caspase-9) in bursa were analyzed for each group and time; while the apoptotic/necrotic cells were morphologically detected in the spleen. From 28 to 35 d of age, broilers were kept for recovery period without CORT injection and the same sampling and parameters were repeated at the end (at 14 d after initiation of the CORT injection). In general, all parameters of broiler performance were negatively affected by the CORT injection. In addition, CORT treatment decreased the plasma concentration of fT3 and the mRNA expression of hepatic IGF-1. A significant increase in liver weight accompanied by an increase in plasma TP, AST and ALT was observed with CORT treatment, indicating an incidence of liver malfunction by CORT. Moreover, the relative weights of thymus, bursa and spleen decreased by the CORT treatment with low counts of TWBC’s and low stimulation of T & B cells while the H/L ratio increased; indicating immunosuppressive effect for CORT treatment. Furthermore, high expression of caspase-9 gene occurred in the bursa of CORT-treated chickens, however, it was associated with a high necrotic vs. low apoptotic cell death pathway in the spleen. Seven days after termination of the CORT treatment in broilers, most of these aspects remained negatively affected by CORT and did not recover to its normal status. The current study provides a comprehensive view of different physiological modulations...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comprehensive growth performance, immune function, plasma biochemistry, gene expressions and cell death morphology responses to a daily corticosterone injection course in broiler chickens

et al. 2017

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“…Poultry exposed to HS and HSD conditions are vulnerable to blood alkalosis caused by panting which can decrease blood gases such as pCO 2 and increase blood pH (Borges et al, 2003(Borges et al, , 2004. However, little is known about the effect of stocking density on factors such as the blood corticosterone level, the heterophil (H) : lymphocyte (L) ratio, and the duration of tonic immobility (TI duration) of meat ducks exposed to HS and HSD in the summertime (Altan et al, 2000;Turkyilmaz, 2008;Babacanoglu et al, 2013). Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore the influence of stocking density on behavioral traits, blood biochemical and hematological parameters, immunoglobulin G, and corticosterone levels of meat ducks exposed to heat stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of stocking density on behavioral traits, blood biochemical parameters and immune responses in meat ducks exposed to heat stress

et al. 2018

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Abstract. High stocking density (HSD) and heat stress (HS) caused by climate change can lower blood homeostasis and negatively impact the behavioral traits of animals. The objective of this study was to explore the influence of stocking densities on behavioral traits, blood parameters, immune responses, and stress hormones in meat ducks (Cherry valley, Anas platyrhynchos) exposed to HS. A total of 320 meat ducks were assigned to four groups with different stocking densities using a randomized complete block design. The ducks were then reared for 42 days. The assigned density groups were as follows: (1) control group (CON, three birds m−2, normal environmental heat conditions); (2) low stocking density (LSD, three birds m−2, heat stress conditions); (3) medium stocking density (MSD, four birds m−2, heat stress conditions); and (4) high stocking density (HSD, six birds m−2, heat stress conditions). To induce HS, the environment of the poultry house was set to a temperature of 34±2∘C with a relative humidity of 70 % from 11:00 to 16:00 for the finisher period (from day 22 to day 42 of the rearing period). Concentrations of blood triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were higher in the HS groups compared with the CON group, with HSD showing the highest levels (P < 0.05). The concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and glucose were lower in the HSD groups than in the CON group (P<0.05). Red blood cell (RBC) and platelet (PLT) counts were lower in HS groups compared with the CON group, with the HSD group displaying the lowest counts (P<0.05). Blood pH values were also higher in the HS groups than in the CON group, with the highest values observed in the HSD group (P<0.05). Concentrations of blood pCO2, HCO3, and TCO2 were higher in the HS groups than in the CON group, with HSD showing the lowest levels (P<0.05). The concentration of PO2 was higher in CON than in any of the HS groups, with the lowest levels found in the HSD group (P<0.05). The concentrations of blood IgG and corticosterone were increased in the HS groups compared with the CON group (P<0.05). Animal behavioral trait scores were also higher in HS groups than in the CON group (P<0.05); these scores were the highest in the HSD group. Overall, animal behavioral traits, blood biochemical parameters, and immune responses in meat ducks exposed to heat stress were highest in the HSD group, but not significantly different between the LSD or MSD groups.

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“…Dose-dependent changes in pre-and postnatal growth and development of chicken were found in the stress modeling by using corticosterone as an additive to feed. Observations of the stress markers kinetics, including the concentration of uric acid and the blood ratio of heterophyll to lymphocytes, made it possible to determine that the severity of this state is in direct proportion to the dose of the hormone (1.0, 1.5 or 2 mg/head per day) [49]. Only 3 days after the feeding with corticosterone started, the changes of these markers were registered, as well as the accumulation of corticosterone in yolk.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION IN HYBRID POULTRY. IV. AN IMPACT OF MATERNAL HORMONES ACCUMULATED IN EGG (review)

Zabudskii¹

2017

S-h. biol.

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Deposit of maternal hormones in the egg yolk is shown to significantly change the pattern of ontogenesis in descendants. Accumulation of maternal sexual steroids in yolk influences behavior, growth, morphology, immune function and viability of descendants (T. Groothuis et al., 2005). Testosterone and androstenedione cause changes in postnatal growth (H. Schwabl, 1996), immunocompetence (M.Tobler et al., 2010), models of competitive and agonistic behavior in non-reproductive relationships between individuals (Müller W. et al., 2009) and sexual intercourse (C .Eising et al., 2006). Such consequences develop as a result of regulation of corresponding functions in the descendant body, including indirect influence through other systems. Stress simulation in females by administration of corticosterone (K) led to a dose dependent change in growth and development in the chicken. Imbalance in fatty acids' ratio and assimilation in descendant embryo occurred in the yolk (S. Yalçın et al., 2011) reduce fertility and shell quality, and embryo mortality and death of chicks increase (M.

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Evaluation of a stress model induced by dietary corticosterone supplementation in broiler breeders: effects on egg yolk corticosterone concentration and biochemical blood parameters

Cited by 13 publications

References 47 publications

Comprehensive growth performance, immune function, plasma biochemistry, gene expressions and cell death morphology responses to a daily corticosterone injection course in broiler chickens

Comprehensive growth performance, immune function, plasma biochemistry, gene expressions and cell death morphology responses to a daily corticosterone injection course in broiler chickens

Effect of stocking density on behavioral traits, blood biochemical parameters and immune responses in meat ducks exposed to heat stress

REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION IN HYBRID POULTRY. IV. AN IMPACT OF MATERNAL HORMONES ACCUMULATED IN EGG (review)

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