Evaluation of Antimicrobial Properties and Potential Applications of Pseudomonas gessardii M15 Rhamnolipids towards Multiresistant Staphylococcus aureus

Buonocore, Carmine; Giugliano, Rosa; Sala, Gerardo Della; Esposito, Fortunato Palma; Tedesco, Pietro; Folliero, Veronica; Galdiero, Massimiliano; Franci, Gianluigi; Pascale, Donatella de

doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics15020700

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The original titers of the viruses employed in this study were 10 7 plaque‐forming units (PFU) per milliliter (mL) for CDV, BoHV‐1, and CpHV‐1. The SBV titer was determined using the tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) method, following the endpoint titration approach of Reed and Muench 32 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SBV titer was determined using the tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) method, following the endpoint titration approach of Reed and Muench. 32…”

Section: Peptide Synthesis and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The absorbance of the released hemoglobin was then measured at 540 nm using the microplate reader TECAN SUNRISE (Tecan Group Ltd., Männedorf, Switzerland). 32 To determine the extent of hemolysis, the following formula was used:…”

Section: Hemolytic Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oreoch‐1: A broad‐spectrum virus and host‐targeting peptide against animal infections

Nastri,

Chianese,

Giugliano

et al. 2024

Journal of Peptide Science

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In recent decades, the global rise of viral emerging infectious diseases has posed a substantial threat to both human and animal health worldwide. The rapid spread and accumulation of mutations into viruses, and the limited availability of antiviral drugs and vaccines, stress the urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) derived from natural sources present a promising avenue due to their specificity and effectiveness against a broad spectrum of pathogens. The present study focuses on investigating the antiviral potential of oreochromicin‐1 (oreoch‐1), a fish‐derived AMP obtained from Nile tilapia, against a wide panel of animal viruses including canine distemper virus (CDV), Schmallenberg virus (SBV), caprine herpesvirus 1 (CpHV‐1), and bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV‐1). Oreoch‐1 exhibited a strong antiviral effect, demonstrating an inhibition of infection at concentrations in the micromolar range. The mechanism of action involves the interference with viral entry into host cells and a direct interaction between oreoch‐1 and the viral envelope. In addition, we observed that the peptide could also interact with the cell during the CDV infection. These findings not only highlight the efficacy of oreoch‐1 in inhibiting viral infection but also emphasize the potential of fish‐derived peptides, specifically oreoch‐1, as effective antiviral agents against viral infections affecting animals, whose potential to spill into humans is high. This research contributes valuable insights to the ongoing quest for novel antiviral drugs with the potential to mitigate the impact of infectious diseases on a global scale.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The SBV titer was determined using the tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50) method, following the endpoint titration approach of Reed and Muench. 32…”

Section: Peptide Synthesis and Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oreoch‐1: A broad‐spectrum virus and host‐targeting peptide against animal infections

Nastri,

Chianese,

Giugliano

et al. 2024

Journal of Peptide Science

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“…After discarding the culture medium, non-adherent cells were removed by washing the plates twice with DPBS. MTT (20 µL) and MH (180 µL) were poured into each well of the plates, and incubated at 37 °C for 2 h [ 41 ]. Untreated bacteria (i.e., bacteria inoculated solely in MHG medium) were utilized as control.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Imidazolium Alkaloids with Broad Spectrum of Action from the Marine Bacterium Shewanella aquimarina

Giugliano,

Della Sala,

Buonocore

et al. 2023

Pharmaceutics

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The continuous outbreak of drug-resistant bacterial and viral infections imposes the need to search for new drug candidates. Natural products from marine bacteria still inspire the design of pharmaceuticals. Indeed, marine bacteria have unique metabolic flexibility to inhabit each ecological niche, thus expanding their biosynthetic ability to assemble unprecedented molecules. The One-Strain-Many-Compounds approach and tandem mass spectrometry allowed the discovery of a Shewanella aquimarina strain as a source of novel imidazolium alkaloids via molecular networking. The alkaloid mixture was shown to exert bioactivities such as: (a) antibacterial activity against antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates at 100 µg/mL, (b) synergistic effects with tigecycline and linezolid, (c) restoration of MRSA sensitivity to fosfomycin, and (d) interference with the biofilm formation of S. aureus 6538 and MRSA. Moreover, the mixture showed antiviral activity against viruses with and without envelopes. Indeed, it inhibited the entry of coronavirus HcoV-229E and herpes simplex viruses into human cells and inactivated poliovirus PV-1 in post-infection assay at 200 µg/mL. Finally, at the same concentration, the fraction showed anthelminthic activity against Caenorhabditis elegans, causing 99% mortality after 48 h. The broad-spectrum activities of these compounds are partially due to their biosurfactant behavior and make them promising candidates for breaking down drug-resistant infectious diseases.

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“…M15RL killed the entire population of S. aureus 6538 in 30 min and 5 min at MIC and 2 × MIC, respectively, and as revealed by SEM visualisations, induced the accumulation of intracellular material due to cellular damage and loss of structural integrity. In addition, rhamnolipids were able to significantly compromise S. aureus and MRSA biofilms at all the stages of their development and, when applied on cotton swabs, had completely eradicated the bacterial load, radically preventing the proliferation of the pathogens [ 67 ].…”

Section: Biosurfactants As Biological Control Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing the Potential of Biosurfactants for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Applications

Ceresa,

Fracchia,

Sansotera

et al. 2023

Pharmaceutics

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Biosurfactants (BSs) are microbial compounds that have emerged as potential alternatives to chemical surfactants due to their multifunctional properties, sustainability and biodegradability. Owing to their amphipathic nature and distinctive structural arrangement, biosurfactants exhibit a range of physicochemical properties, including excellent surface activity, efficient critical micelle concentration, humectant properties, foaming and cleaning abilities and the capacity to form microemulsions. Furthermore, numerous biosurfactants display additional biological characteristics, such as antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral effects, and antioxidant, anticancer and immunomodulatory activities. Over the past two decades, numerous studies have explored their potential applications, including pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, antimicrobial and antibiofilm agents, wound healing, anticancer treatments, immune system modulators and drug/gene carriers. These applications are particularly important in addressing challenges such as antimicrobial resistance and biofilm formations in clinical, hygiene and therapeutic settings. They can also serve as coating agents for surfaces, enabling antiadhesive, suppression, or eradication strategies. Not least importantly, biosurfactants have shown compatibility with various drug formulations, including nanoparticles, liposomes, micro- and nanoemulsions and hydrogels, improving drug solubility, stability and bioavailability, and enabling a targeted and controlled drug release. These qualities make biosurfactants promising candidates for the development of next-generation antimicrobial, antibiofilm, anticancer, wound-healing, immunomodulating, drug or gene delivery agents, as well as adjuvants to other antibiotics. Analysing the most recent literature, this review aims to update the present understanding, highlight emerging trends, and identify promising directions and advancements in the utilization of biosurfactants within the pharmaceutical and biomedical fields.

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Evaluation of Antimicrobial Properties and Potential Applications of Pseudomonas gessardii M15 Rhamnolipids towards Multiresistant Staphylococcus aureus

Cited by 8 publications

References 53 publications

Oreoch‐1: A broad‐spectrum virus and host‐targeting peptide against animal infections

Oreoch‐1: A broad‐spectrum virus and host‐targeting peptide against animal infections

New Imidazolium Alkaloids with Broad Spectrum of Action from the Marine Bacterium Shewanella aquimarina

Harnessing the Potential of Biosurfactants for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Applications

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