Evaluation of buffer zone effectiveness in mitigating the risks associated with agricultural runoff in Prince Edward Island

Dunn, A.M.; Julien, G.; Ernst, William R.; Cook, A.; Doe, Kenneth G.; Jackman, Paula

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.11.011

Cited by 63 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Buffer strips reduce the movement of sediment, nutrients, and pesticides from agricultural lands into the ecosystem (Borinet al, 2010;Borinet al, 2002;Patty et al, 1997;Popov et al, 2005;Rankins et al, 2001;Schmitt et al, 1999;Tingle et al, 1998). Buffer effectiveness depends on buffer characteristics such as surface hydraulic properties, vegetation species, soil type, slope morphology, and buffer width (Balestrini et al, 2011;Bharati et al, 2002;Dunn et al, 2011;Schmitt et al, 1999). Buffer strip efficacy is also affected by the agricultural system (land management and crop) and the management practices used in the buffered area (Bedard-Haughn et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing soil nitrate with cover crops and buffer strips in Sicilian vineyards

et al. 2013

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Abstract. When soil nitrate levels are low, plants suffer nitrogen (N) deficiency but when the levels are excessive, soil nitrates can pollute surface and subsurface waters. Strategies to reduce the nitrate pollution are necessary to reach a sustainable use of resources such as soil, water and plant. Buffer strips and cover crops can contribute to the management of soil nitrates, but little is known of their effectiveness in semiarid vineyards plantations. The research was carried out in the south coast of Sicily (Italy) to evaluate nitrate trends in a vineyard managed both conventionally and using two different cover crops (Triticum durum and Vicia sativa cover crop). A 10 m-wide buffer strip was seeded with Lolium perenne at the bottom of the vineyard. Soil nitrate was measured monthly and nitrate movement was monitored by application of a 15 N tracer to a narrow strip between the bottom of vineyard and the buffer and non-buffer strips. Lolium perenne biomass yield in the buffer strips and its isotopic nitrogen content were monitored. Vicia sativa cover crop management contributed with an excess of nitrogen, and the soil management determined the nitrogen content at the buffer areas. A 6 m buffer strip reduced the nitrate by 42 % with and by 46 % with a 9 m buffer strip. Thanks to catch crops, farmers can manage the N content and its distribution into the soil over the year, can reduced fertilizer wastage and reduce N pollution of surface and groundwater.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing soil nitrate with cover crops and buffer strips in Sicilian vineyards

et al. 2013

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“…특히, 농경지에서의 강 변식생은 침전물, 무기 영양염류, 인, 질산염 및 아질산염 제거에 중요한 역할을 한다 (Fail et al, 1987;Goss et al, 2014;Hill, 1996;Osborne and Kovacic, 1993). 및 38%가 제거되었다 (Dunn et al, 2011). 그 밖의 많은 연구 에서도 강변 완충대가 발휘하는 비점오염원 물질의 제거능이 밝혀진 바 있다 (Agouridis et al, 2005;Dahlin et al, 2005;Dorioz et al, 2006;Haycock and Pinay, 1993;Lee et al, 2003;Oteroa et al, 2011;Pan et al, 2008;Pan et al, 2010).…”

Section: 하천을 따라 형성된 강변식생은 많은 동･식물의 중요한unclassified

Diagnosis on the Riparian Vegetation in the Downstream Reach of the Gyungan Stream for Creating Vegetation Belt

An¹,

Lim²,

Lim³

et al. 2015

Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment

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A landcover map watershed of downstream reach in the Gyungan stream was made by using the existing land use map and interpreting satellite images and aerial photos. Based on the map, we analyzed land use patterns of this basin. Broad-leaved forest occupied the largest area among landscape elements established in this watershed. The total area of the zone designated as the waterside district by the central government was 4.7 km 2 , and broad-leaved forest occupied the largest area as 33.9% in this zone. Therefore, the area did not meet the qualifications of riparian zones. Riparian vegetation established in the Gyungan stream watershed was composed of Phragmites communis, Miscanthus sacchariflorus, Salix gracilistyla, Salix koreensis. But terrestrial vegetation elements such as Ambrosia trifida, Ailanthus altissima, Robinia pseudoacacia also appeared in this area. On the other hand, Phragmites japonica, Salix gracilistyla, Salix koreensis, Salix integra, Ulmus davidiana and so on appeared in the riparian zone the reference streams. Differently from the vegetation established on the reference streams, terrestrial vegetation elements appeared frequently in the Gyungan stream watershed. This result would be due to that the Gyungan stream watershed is exposed to excessive human interferences.

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“…This poses an interesting dilemma for places such as Prince Edward Island, where recent legislation mandates the incorporation of 10 m and 20 m buffer strips for moderately sloped (<5%) and steep sloped (>5%) agricultural fields bordering streams (Dunn et al 2011). In a study measuring nutrient and pesticide export from agricultural land containing buffers strips planted in grasses and forbs (white clover, meadow fescue, and timothy), Dunn et al (2011) reported no significant correlation between slope type, buffer width, and retention of ammonia, phosphorus, total suspended solids, or nitrate-nitrogen, although generally, total loads exported were reduced as a result of the presence of the buffer strip.…”

Section: Native Perennial Vegetation Stripsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a study measuring nutrient and pesticide export from agricultural land containing buffers strips planted in grasses and forbs (white clover, meadow fescue, and timothy), Dunn et al (2011) reported no significant correlation between slope type, buffer width, and retention of ammonia, phosphorus, total suspended solids, or nitrate-nitrogen, although generally, total loads exported were reduced as a result of the presence of the buffer strip.…”

Section: Native Perennial Vegetation Stripsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The retention of lower molecular weight carbon in grassed buffer strips may be associated with a higher retention of clay and silt sized particles due to reduced flow velocity and subsequent increases in particle settling and infiltration (Jacinthe et al 2009). Dunn et al (2011) concluded that slope needs to be considered when determining buffer strip width, and that more importantly, techniques need to be used to minimize the formation of concentrated overland flow paths that reduce the effectiveness of buffer strips in nutrient and contaminant removal.…”

Section: Native Perennial Vegetation Stripsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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