Evaluation of Ceramic Cups for Determining Soil Solution Chemistry

A Comparison of 18Oδ Composition of Water Extracted from Suction Lysimeters, Centrifugation, and Azeotropic Distillation

“…Two important results were derived from the study: Br − can be used with confidence as a substitute for NO 3 -N in studies of the movement of the latter through soils, and that it is more economical and environmentally friendly to distribute the application of nitrate throughout the growing season. Debyle et al (1988) found that the first samples collected from new cups had lower sodium and potassium than drainage water, indicating sorption within the cup. Cups that had been in the field for several weeks or longer provide samples that closely resembled drainage water in chemical composition, probably because all exchange sites had been filled.…”

“…Typical sample collection times are 24-48 h, after which the vacuum inside the lysimeter decreases significantly. Recommended monitoring methodology includes (1) use of samplers with similar intake rates, (2) uniform sampler lengths, (3) short sampling period, and (4) same initial vacuum for all samplers (Debyle et al 1988;Hansen and Harris 1975). Poulsena et al (2006) characterized dissolved and suspended matter transport at field scale using bromide tracer breakthrough and natural soil colloid leaching curves for 33 undisturbed soil columns (20-cm diameter by 20-cm height).…”

Effect of Poultry Manure on the Leaching of Carbon from a Sandy Soil as a Potential Substrate for Denitrification in the Subsoil

“…However, the majority have been concerned with the absorption of phosphorus or leaching of cations by the ceramic cups (Nagpal 1982 ;Debyle et al 1988 ;Litaor 1988). There appears to have been little research into di †erences in TOC concentrations.…”

“…There appears to have been little research into di †erences in TOC concentrations. Debyle et al (1988) observed that the small pores of ceramic cups can become plugged with Ðne soil particles and organic matter during the course of an experiment. This can reduce the sampling rate and consequently the nutrient concentrations within the sampler, but may also contribute to the TOC content of the leachates.…”

Liberação de cálcio e magnésio por cápsulas porosas de porcelana usadas na extração de solução do solo

“…Grover & Lamborn (1970) observaram redução da contaminação por Na e K, quando as cápsulas foram lavadas com HCl 1 mol L -1 , seguida pela lavagem com água destilada, porém, neste caso, permaneceu a contaminação por Ca. Debyle et al (1988) também recomendaram a lavagem dos extratores com HCl 1 mol L -1 , seguida de água destilada, inclusive para pré-condicionamento daqueles a serem reutilizados.…”