Evaluation of Compositional Equivalence for Multitrait Biotechnology Crops

Ridley, William P.; Harrigan, George G.; Breeze, Matthew L.; Nemeth, Margaret A.; Sidhu, Ravinder S.; Glenn, Kevin C.

doi:10.1021/jf103874t

Cited by 25 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Any changes should be further risk assessed in a similar framework as in a single trait GM risk assessment (De Schrijver et al, 2007), This paper also adds that if compounds have a synergistic activity in humans and/or animals, further toxicity risk assessment tests would be required. Ridley et al (2011) supports the compositional equivalence of stacked events in GM crops combined through conventional breeding. They suggest therefore that the compositional evaluation of a single trait GM crop is sufficient to determine whether that trait in combination with other GM traits is compositionally equivalent to conventional counterparts.…”

Section: Stacked Traitssupporting

confidence: 53%

Review of the strategies for the comprehensive food and feed safety and nutritional assessment of GM plants per se

2013

EFSA Supporting Publications

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This report reviews current scientific literature and risk assessment frameworks for assessing food and feed safety of GM plants, in cases where the comparative approach, as applied by EFSA, may not be fully applicable. This may apply to a range of GM traits coming onto the market which have received substantial modifications to the composition, metabolism and physiology of the plant (GM plants with "novel" traits). A literature review was carried out using the principles of a systematic review to ensure objectivity in reviewing all relevant papers. Of the 983 relevant scientific papers which were initially identified, 92 passed further selection and were subsequently reviewed. The risk assessment approaches for GM plants of seven international bodies were also reviewed. Overall it was found that comparisons were always a cornerstone of food and feed risk assessment of GM plants, whether traits were "novel" or otherwise. No evidence was found in the scientific literature or from international risk assessment bodies where GM plants were not being compared to an appropriate comparator, or a database. The comparative assessment as applied by EFSA is seen by the project team as the most reliable method to identify any unintended effects. However, given the range of GM plants that may require authorisation in the future, a flexible approach to the design of field trials will be required to account for situations where the receiving environment of the GM plant would be substantially different to the appropriate comparator. In addition, exposure assessment will be an important step for the risk assessment process, particularly for GM plants with "novel" quality/output traits which provide nutritional benefits to the consumer. Post market monitoring is an area which has received little attention in the literature, and further work is needed to develop guidance on when this should be carried out. © [ADAS], 2013 KEY WORDSGMO, risk assessment, trait, comparative assessment, substantial equivalence, novel DISCLAIMERThe present document has been produced and adopted by the bodies identified above as author(s). This task has been carried out exclusively by the author(s) in the context of a contract between the European Food Safety Authority and the author(s), awarded following a tender procedure. The present document is published complying with the transparency principle to which the Authority is subject. It may not be considered as an output adopted by the Authority. The European food Safety Authority reserves its rights, view and position as regards the issues addressed and the conclusions reached in the present document, without prejudice to the rights of the authors. The present document has been produced and adopted by the bodies identified above as author(s). This task has been carried out exclusively by the author(s) in the context of a contract between the European Food Safety Authority and the author(s), awarded following a tender procedure. The present document is published complying with the transparency pr...

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Section: Stacked Traitssupporting

confidence: 53%

Review of the strategies for the comprehensive food and feed safety and nutritional assessment of GM plants per se

2013

EFSA Supporting Publications

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“…In GR maize, stacked with insect resistance traits (NK603 stacked with MON810 and/or Mon863), a single glyphosate (Roundup Ultramax) application did not change mineral content in maize grain (Ridley et al 2011 ). Under agronomic conditions, however, multiple applications are very common (Benbrook 2016 ).…”

Section: Modes Of Action Of Glyphosatementioning

confidence: 99%

Glyphosate, a chelating agent—relevant for ecological risk assessment?

Mertens

Höss

Neumann

et al. 2018

Environ Sci Pollut Res

167

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Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs), consisting of glyphosate and formulants, are the most frequently applied herbicides worldwide. The declared active ingredient glyphosate does not only inhibit the EPSPS but is also a chelating agent that binds macro- and micronutrients, essential for many plant processes and pathogen resistance. GBH treatment may thus impede uptake and availability of macro- and micronutrients in plants. The present study investigated whether this characteristic of glyphosate could contribute to adverse effects of GBH application in the environment and to human health. According to the results, it has not been fully elucidated whether the chelating activity of glyphosate contributes to the toxic effects on plants and potentially on plant–microorganism interactions, e.g., nitrogen fixation of leguminous plants. It is also still open whether the chelating property of glyphosate is involved in the toxic effects on organisms other than plants, described in many papers. By changing the availability of essential as well as toxic metals that are bound to soil particles, the herbicide might also impact soil life, although the occurrence of natural chelators with considerably higher chelating potentials makes an additional impact of glyphosate for most metals less likely. Further research should elucidate the role of glyphosate (and GBH) as a chelator, in particular, as this is a non-specific property potentially affecting many organisms and processes. In the process of reevaluation of glyphosate its chelating activity has hardly been discussed.

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“…A study with GR alfalfa states only that glyphosate was applied prior to each cutting. 135 More detailed information on the glyphosate applications is provided in a study with GR corn by Ridley et al 136 For one set of trials, the GR corn received an application of 1.08 kg ha –1 , and in another ca. 0.85 kg ha –1 was used.…”

Section: Glyphosate and Mineral Nutrition Of Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glyphosate Effects on Plant Mineral Nutrition, Crop Rhizosphere Microbiota, and Plant Disease in Glyphosate-Resistant Crops

Duke¹,

Lydon²,

Koskinen³

et al. 2012

J. Agric. Food Chem.

236

175

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Claims have been made recently that glyphosate-resistant (GR) crops sometimes have mineral deficiencies and increased plant disease. This review evaluates the literature that is germane to these claims. Our conclusions are: (1) although there is conflicting literature on the effects of glyphosate on mineral nutrition on GR crops, most of the literature indicates that mineral nutrition in GR crops is not affected by either the GR trait or by application of glyphosate; (2) most of the available data support the view that neither the GR transgenes nor glyphosate use in GR crops increases crop disease; and (3) yield data on GR crops do not support the hypotheses that there are substantive mineral nutrition or disease problems that are specific to GR crops.

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Evaluation of Compositional Equivalence for Multitrait Biotechnology Crops

Cited by 25 publications

References 22 publications

Review of the strategies for the comprehensive food and feed safety and nutritional assessment of GM plants per se

Review of the strategies for the comprehensive food and feed safety and nutritional assessment of GM plants per se

Glyphosate, a chelating agent—relevant for ecological risk assessment?

Glyphosate Effects on Plant Mineral Nutrition, Crop Rhizosphere Microbiota, and Plant Disease in Glyphosate-Resistant Crops

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