Evaluation of deep gray matter volume, cortical thickness and white matter integrity in patients with typical absence epilepsy: a study using voxelwise-based techniques

Corrêa, Diogo Goulart; Ventura, Nina; Zimmermann, Nicolle; Doring, Thomas M.; Tukamoto, Gustavo; Leme, J; Pereira, Mariana Leite; D'Andrea, I; Rêgo, Cláudia Cecília da Silva; Alves-Leon, Soniza Vieira; Gasparetto, Emerson L.

doi:10.1007/s00234-017-1782-6

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…(B) Afferent and efferent fibers of the dentate nucleus. matter abnormalities in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (Rodríguez-Cruces and Concha, 2015) and absence epilepsy (Correa et al, 2017). The present experimental study showed the absence of or weak dento-thalamic connections in GAERS, which may have a role in the pathophysiology of absence seizures.…”

Section: Fig 2 (A)supporting

confidence: 49%

Do the Dento-Thalamic Connections of Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg Differ from Those of Control Wistar Rats?

et al. 2019

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The thalamo-cortical circuit is important in the genesis of absence epilepsy. This circuit can be influenced by connecting pathways from various parts of central nervous system. The aim of the present study is to define the dento-thalamic connections in Wistar animals and compare the results with genetic absence epilepsy rats from Strasbourg (GAERS) using the biotinylated dextran amine (BDA) tracer. We injected BDA into the dentate nucleus of 13 (n = 6 Wistar and n = 7 GAERS) animals. The dento-thalamic connections in the Wistar animals were denser and were connected to a wider range of thalamic nuclei compared with GAERS. The dentate nucleus was bilaterally connected to the central (central medial [CM], paracentral [PC]), ventral (ventral medial [VM], ventral lateral [VL], and ventral posterior lateral [VPL]), and posterior (Po) thalamic nuclei in Wistar animals. The majority of these connections were dense contralaterally and scarce ipsilaterally. Contralateral connections were present with the parafascicular (PF), ventral posterior medial, ventral anterior (VA), and central lateral (CL) thalamic nuclei in Wistar animals. Whereas in GAERS, bilateral connections were observed with the VL and CM. Contralateral connections were present with the PC, VM, VA, and PF thalamic nuclei in GAERS. The CL, VPL, and Po thalamic nucleus connections were not observed in GAERS. The present study showed weak/deficit dento-thalamic connections in GAERS compared with control Wistar animals. The scarce information flow from the dentate nucleus to thalamus in GAERS may have a deficient modulatory role on the thalamus and thus may affect modulation of the thalamo-cortical circuit.

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Section: Fig 2 (A)supporting

confidence: 49%

Do the Dento-Thalamic Connections of Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg Differ from Those of Control Wistar Rats?

et al. 2019

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“…Previously, CAE studies using diffusion-weighted MRI reported lower fractional anisotropy (FA) values in the genu, an important part of the corpus callosum in the frontal lobe. 6,39 However, although diffusion-weighted MRI measures are valuable in white matter research, they fail to provide more specific information on the myelin content and cannot discriminate between axonal damage, alterations in myelin content, or topographic deviations. 40 Previously, Spader et al 41 showed the feasibility of identifying in vivo myelin abnormalities using MRI and reported a reduced MWF in three children with epilepsy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower myelin‐water content of the frontal lobe in childhood absence epilepsy

et al. 2019

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Objective The frontal lobe in childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) might be affected due to the suggested involvement of the frontal lobe during absence seizures and reports on attentional deficits. Previously, subtle white matter abnormalities have been reported in CAE. However, the impact of one of the most characteristic components of the white matter, the myelin content, remains underdetermined. Therefore, this study investigated whether the myelin content in frontal areas is adversely affected in CAE compared to controls. Methods Seventeen children with childhood absence epilepsy (mean age ± standard deviation [SD], 9.2 ± 2.1 years) and 15 age‐ and sex‐matched controls (mean age ± SD, 9.8 ± 1.8 years) underwent neuropsychological assessment and a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination. T2 relaxometry scans were used to distinguish myelin‐water from tissue water and to determine the myelin‐water fraction (MWF) in the frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital, and insular lobes. A linear regression model including age and sex as covariates was used to investigate group differences. Furthermore, the relationship of MWF with cognitive performance and epilepsy characteristics was determined. Results The frontal lobe revealed a significantly lower myelin‐water content in children with CAE compared to controls over the developmental age range of 6‐12 years (5.7 ± 1.0% vs 6.6 ± 1.1%, P = 0.02). This association was not found for any of the other four lobes (P > 0.10). No significant relation was found between myelin‐water content and cognitive performance or epilepsy characteristics. Significance The lower frontal myelin‐water content of children with CAE in comparison with healthy controls probably reflects an altered neurodevelopmental aspect in CAE, of which the underlying mechanisms still need to be unraveled.

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“…Advanced neuroimaging techniques, such as DTI (diffusion tensor imaging) tractography have disclosed white matter tracts and bundles abnormalities in IGEs [2]. Thalamic and corpus callosum abnormalities have been described in IGE patients presenting predominately with absence seizures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity in refractory and non-refractory idiopathic generalized epilepsies

Lobato

Amaro

Otaduy

et al. 2018

Seizure

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To compare white matter bundles and fiber tract changes in seizure-free and non-seizure-free idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) patients. Method: Forty adult patients with IGE underwent a 3 T brain MRI with DTI sequences. According to seizure control status, eighteen patients were classified as refractory (R) if they had presented at least one incapacitating seizure in the previous six months, while on appropriate antiepileptic drug treatment. Twenty two seizure-free patients with adequate seizure control were considered non-refractory (NR). We compared fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) values in sixteen white matter tracts in the R and NR groups, and in twenty healthy subjects. Results: R and NR groups did not differ in gender, age and education. We found decreased FA in two tracts in the R group (forceps major and right uncinate fasciculus) and approaching statistical significance in two tracts in the NR group (right cingulate gyrus and right uncinate fasciculus) group, as well as increased MD in six tracts in the R group (forceps minor, left thalamic anterior radiation, right inferior longitudinal fasciculus, right longitudinal superior parietal and temporal fasciculi, and right cingulate gyrus) and in five tracts in the NR group (forceps minor, left thalamic anterior radiation, right inferior longitudinal fasciculus, right longitudinal superior parietal and temporal fasciculi), compared to controls. No differences were noted comparing FA and MD values between R and NR groups. Conclusions: In our patient population, refractory IGE patients on adequate antiepileptic drug treatment did not present more severe white matter tract involvement compared to non-refractory patients.

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Evaluation of deep gray matter volume, cortical thickness and white matter integrity in patients with typical absence epilepsy: a study using voxelwise-based techniques

Abstract: Abnormalities found in white matter integrity may help to better understand the pathophysiology of AE and optimize diagnosis and treatment strategies.

Cited by 12 publications

References 37 publications

Do the Dento-Thalamic Connections of Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg Differ from Those of Control Wistar Rats?

Do the Dento-Thalamic Connections of Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg Differ from Those of Control Wistar Rats?

Lower myelin‐water content of the frontal lobe in childhood absence epilepsy

Analysis of fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity in refractory and non-refractory idiopathic generalized epilepsies

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