Evaluation of endocrine changes in women with the polycystic ovary syndrome during metformin treatment

Abstract

The aim of study was to evaluate endocrine changes in PCOS women during metformin treatment. One hundred women with PCOS, aged 20-40 years were included. A complete hormonal and metabolic pattern was recorded for each subject every 6 months. Metformin treatment after 6 and 12 months significantly reduced weight, BMI, waist circumference, insulin and HOMA-IR (p=0.000) with high differences of variances within repeated measurements. There was significant reduction of PRL, testosterone and estradiol (p=0.000) with small differences within repeated measurements. Metformin did not have effect on TSH. However, results showed important reduction of CRP, LH, LH/FSH, androstendione, DHEA-S and progesterone (p=0.000) with moderate differences within measures. Metformin restored menstrual cyclicity in most participants. At baseline in study group was 69% women with oligomenorrhoea, amenorrhoea or polymenorrhoea. After 12 months of treatment, only 20% PCOS women had irregular menstrual cycle (p=0.000). Hirsutism was also reduced. Intriguingly, during first 6 months of treatment in PCOS women 9 pregnancies occurred (p=0.000), while during last 6 months treatment were 2 pregnancies (p=0.317), in total 11(13%). Multiple regression model revealed that the presence of anovulation in PCOS women was strongly associated with BMI, waist, FSH and age. Insulin resistance was significantly predicted by BMI, cholesterol, progesterone and presence of hirsutism. The metformin therapy significantly improved insulin resistance, imbalance of endocrine hormones, hirsutism and menstrual cyclicity in women with PCOS. The most important predictors for duration of metformin treatment in PCOS women were testosterone, progesterone, FSH, CRP and presence of anovulation.

The Follicular IGFBP Changes after Metformine Administration in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and its Impact on the Fertility Rate. A randomized Study

“…Arguments in favor of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system involvement stem from the relationship of effector proteins of this system to insulin, but mostly from the fact that receptors for these proteins are, to a certain extent, common with insulin receptors. Furthermore, there is consistent data in support of the significant changes in various proteins from this system in PCOS patients (6)(7)(8).…”

Association between BMI and gene expression of anti‐Müllerian hormone and androgen receptor in human granulosa cells in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome

“…Androgens, via the AR, play a direct role in the normal growth of ovarian follicles, follicle health, development and ovulation . High serum androgen concentrations are associated with hirsutism, inhibition of follicular development, anovulation and irregular menstruation . However, there are some PCOS patients whose serum testosterone concentration is normal, suggesting possible differences in AR gene activities.…”

Effect of Silver Nanoparticles on Levels of Serum Fsh, Lh and Estradiol in Pco-Induced Female Mice

“…[35] On the same way, a significant reduction in serum levels of FSH in PCOs women was observed after treatment with metformin for (6-12) months. [14] Similarly, silver NPs at (0.5ppm) for longer duration caused a significant elevation in levels of serum FSH, table (2). This result was in consistence with Kong [36] who reported that treatment with Nickel nanoparticles( Ni-NPs) exerted an elevation in serum levels of FSH and LH, and a reduction E 2 associated with significant and dose-dependent in females.…”

“…[14] Nanomaterials in general, have unique physiochemical properties, such as ultrasmall size, large surface area to mass ratio, and high reactivity, such properties can be used to overcome some of the limitations found in traditional therapeutic and diagnostic agents. [15] According to the definition used by scientific communities relating to nano-technology, a nanoparticle is defined as a particle with dimension between 1 and 100 nano-meters.…”