Evaluation of Hepatic Detoxification Effects of Enteromorpha prolifera Polysaccharides against Aflatoxin B1 in Broiler Chickens

Abstract

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a major risk factor in animal feed. Seaweed (Enteromorpha prolifera)-derived polysaccharides (SDP) are natural antioxidants with multiple biological functions, which may have an in vivo detoxification effect on AFB1. The current study aimed to evaluate whether SDP could mitigate AFB1-induced hepatotoxicity in broilers. A total of 216 chickens (male, 5 weeks old) were randomly allocated to three groups with differing feeding patterns, lasting 4 four weeks: (1) control group (CON, fed a basal diet); (2) AFB1 group (fed a basal diet mixed with 0.1 mg/kg AFB1); and (3) AFB1 + SDP group (AFB1 group + 0.25% SDP). The results showed that dietary SDP improved the liver function-related biochemical indicators in serum, and reversed the increase in relative liver weight, hepatic apoptosis and histological damage of broilers exposed to AFB1. SDP treatment also reduced the activity and mRNA expression of phase I detoxification enzymes, while increasing the activity and mRNA expression of phase II detoxification enzymes in the livers of AFB1-exposed broilers, which was involved in the activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling. In conclusion, dietary SDP alleviated AFB1-induced liver injury of broilers through inhibiting phase I detoxification enzymes and upregulating p38MAPK/Nrf2-mediated phase II detoxification enzymes pathway.

Effect of Phyllosilicates As Toxin Binder On Productivity, Intestinal Morphology, and Liver Toxicity in Broiler Fed Afb1 Contaminated Feed

“…The addition of toxin binder to feed contaminated with AFB1 did not significantly affect broiler SGPT and SGOT levels. AFB1 contamination in high amounts (0.5 mg/kg) will increase SGOT and SGPT levels (Amiridumari et al, 2013;Liu et al, 2022;Valchev et al, 2014). AFB1 contamination level of 100 ppb has no effect on SGOT and SGPT levels because broilers are still able to carry out the detoxification process in the liver.…”

New perspectives in application of kidney biomarkers in mycotoxin induced nephrotoxicity, with a particular focus on domestic pigs

“…Regulated levels in cereal grains used for animal feeds for AFs is 20 μg/ kg [Regulation EC 574/2011(EU-COM 2014/015, 2014] and 250 μg/kg for OTA [Recommendation EC 2006/576;EC (European Comission), 2006]. Besides the appropriate pre-and postharvest technologies toxic effects of mycotoxins can be mitigated with different mycotoxin binding agents (Kolawole et al, 2022), such as algal polysaccharides (Guo et al, 2021;Liu et al, 2022b) or biodegradation by probiotic bacteria (Park et al, 2022). Additionally, antioxidants can reduce some toxic effects of mycotoxins (Liu et al, 2022a,b).…”

Effects of tannic acid on growth performance, relative organ weight, antioxidative status, and intestinal histomorphology in broilers exposed to aflatoxin B1

“…Among the 18 types of aflatoxin derivatives, aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1 ) is the most common and toxic in the poultry feed industry (2). Poultry is extremely sensitive to AFB 1 , and long-term exposure to AFB 1 may cause growth retardation, immunosuppression, hepatotoxic, and even death (3)(4)(5). Oxidative stress has been reported to play a significant role in the toxicity mechanism caused by AFB 1 (6,7).…”