Evaluation of hyperglycemia

Winter, William E.; Pittman, David L.; Devaraj, Sridevi; Li, Danni; Harris, Neil

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818277-2.00008-x

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 160 publications

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“…The medicinal chemists used two major approaches for the discovery of new potential drugs, i.e., natural or synthetic approaches [ 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ]. Natural products are one of the safest sources for effective drug discovery [ 43 , 44 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3-(((1S,3S)-3-((R)-Hydroxy(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)methyl)-4-oxocyclohexyl)methyl)pentane-2,4-dione: Design and Synthesis of New Stereopure Multi-Target Antidiabetic Agent

et al. 2022

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The chiral drug candidates have more effective binding affinities for their specific protein or receptor site for the onset of pharmacological action. Achieving all carbon stereopure compounds is not trivial in chemical synthesis. However, with the development of asymmetric organocatalysis, the synthesis of certain vital chiral drug candidates is now possible. In this research, we have synthesized 3-(((1S,3S)-3-((R)-hydroxy(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)methyl)-4-oxocyclohexyl)methyl)pentane-2,4-dione (S,S,R-5) and have evaluated it potential as multi-target antidiabetic agent. The stereopure compound S,S,R-5 was synthesized with a 99:1 enantiomeric ratio. The synthesized compound gave encouraging results against all in vitro antidiabetic targets, exhibiting IC50 values of 6.28, 4.58, 0.91, and 2.36 in α-glucosidase, α-amylase, PTP1B, and DPPH targets, respectively. The molecular docking shows the binding of the compound in homology models of the respective enzymes. In conclusion, we have synthesized a new chiral molecule (S,S,R-5). The compound proved to be a potential inhibitor of the tested antidiabetic targets. With the observed results and molecular docking, it is evident that S,S,R-5 is a potential multitarget antidiabetic agent. Our study laid the baseline for the animal-based studies of this compound in antidiabetic confirmation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3-(((1S,3S)-3-((R)-Hydroxy(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)methyl)-4-oxocyclohexyl)methyl)pentane-2,4-dione: Design and Synthesis of New Stereopure Multi-Target Antidiabetic Agent

et al. 2022

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“…Our study revealed that the in-hospital mortality rate among patients with hyperglycemia upon ED admission was very high. With the exclusion of poisoned patients that received drugs influencing the glucose levels as part of the initial stabilization, we might conclude that hyperglycemia was induced by the stress of poisoning, which is an acute severe illness, inducing significant degrees of metabolic stress, and as a consequence, transient hyperglycemia [ 34 ]. Another explanation could be the toxin’s effect on the organs/systems involved in glucose homeostasis (i.e., liver, pancreas).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Multiple Glycemic Parameters at Hospital Admission with Mortality and Short-Term Outcomes in Acutely Poisoned Patients

et al. 2021

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The prognostic value of multiple glycemic parameters in poisoned patients was never assessed. We aim to explore the effects of glucose variability on short-term outcomes in nondiabetic and diabetic patients acutely poisoned with undifferentiated xenobiotics. We performed a prospective observational study in a tertiary center for toxicology in northeastern Romania. Over the course of 3 years, we included 1076 adults, older than 18 years, admitted for acute poisoning with a xenobiotic. The mortality rate was 4.1%. The admission blood glucose level (BGL) predicted mortality (OR 1.015, 95% CI 1.011–1.019, p < 0.001) and complications (OR 1.005, 95%CI 1.001–1.009, p 0.02). The mean glucose level (MGL) after admission (OR 1.007, 95% CI 1.000–1.013, p 0.034) and coefficient of glucose variability (CV) were predictive for complications (OR 40.58, 95% CI 1.35–1220.52, p 0.033), using the same multivariable model. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis revealed that BGL had good predictive value for in-hospital mortality (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.744, 95%CI = 0.648–0.841, p < 0.001), and complications (AUC = 0.618, 95%CI = 0.584–0.653, p < 0.001). In patients acutely poisoned with xenobiotics, the BGL, MGL and CV can be useful as mortality and short-outcome predictors.

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“…Hyperglycemia is when blood sugar or glucose levels are higher than normal. The condition can be caused by several factors, including pancreatic cancer, cystic fibrosis, chronic pancreatitis, pheochromocytoma, acromegaly, and Cushing syndrome, but Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is the most common cause of hyperglycemia (Winter et al 2021). Diabetes has a strong connection with oxidative stress as hyperglycemia stimulates the production of free radicals, leading to oxidative stress (Asmat et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effects of the Polyphenolic-Rich Fraction of Cornsilk against Oxidative Stress in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2023

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Diabetes Mellitus (DM) has become a significant public health problem worldwide and primarily correlated to hyperglycaemia and abnormal lipid and antioxidant levels. Fruit and vegetable wastes are rich in phenolic compounds thus suitable for antioxidant sources. Cornsilk (CS), a maize cultivar waste, also contains phenolic compounds. The current study investigated the anti-hyperglycemic and antioxidative properties of the Phenolic-Rich Fraction of Cornsilk (PRF-CS) in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Five groups of 30 male Sprague Dawley rats were employed in this study. A sample size of six rats each is placed in five groups: Normal-Control (NC), Diabetic-Control (DC), Diabetic-PRF-CS treated 100 mg/kg (DPRF100) and 200 mg/kg (DPRF200), and Diabetic-Metformin Treated (Dmet) groups. The PRF-CS was administered at 100 and 200 mg/kg doses for 28 consecutive days to the diabetic rats. Treatment with both doses of PRF-CS (DPRF100 and DPRF200) significantly decreased the blood glucose levels of the rats (p<0.05). Additionally, the PRF-treated rats demonstrated significantly decreased (p<0.05) lipid peroxidation (3.60±0.23 and 3.31±0.56 µmol/g, respectively). The hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) (169.35±4.75 and 175.30±3.69 U/mg, respectively), Catalase (CAT) (1457.51±152.74 and 2011.99±396.96 U/mg), and Glutathione Peroxidase (GSH-Px) (63.43±2.99 and 78.47±4.51 U/mg) were also elevated in contrast to the DC group. Furthermore, the PRF-CS administration improved the histological alterations in the liver tissues of the DPRF100 and DPRF200 rats. In conclusion, PRF-CS treatment exhibited protective effects in the diabetic rat model by decreasing oxidative stress and preserving liver integrity.

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Evaluation of hyperglycemia

Cited by 4 publications

References 160 publications

3-(((1S,3S)-3-((R)-Hydroxy(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)methyl)-4-oxocyclohexyl)methyl)pentane-2,4-dione: Design and Synthesis of New Stereopure Multi-Target Antidiabetic Agent

3-(((1S,3S)-3-((R)-Hydroxy(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)methyl)-4-oxocyclohexyl)methyl)pentane-2,4-dione: Design and Synthesis of New Stereopure Multi-Target Antidiabetic Agent

Association of Multiple Glycemic Parameters at Hospital Admission with Mortality and Short-Term Outcomes in Acutely Poisoned Patients

Protective Effects of the Polyphenolic-Rich Fraction of Cornsilk against Oxidative Stress in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

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