Evaluation of long-term changes in water balances in the Nepal Himalayas

Talchabhadel, Rocky; Chhetri, Ramesh

doi:10.1007/s00704-023-04646-3

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 86 publications

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“…In recent years, literatures are available to cover this issue at national level and at local level. However, most literatures (Bajracharya, et al (2023);Bhandari, et al (2023); Bom, Tiefenbacher, & Belbase, (2023); Chauhan, Thakuri, & Pradhan, (2023); Gautam, et al (2023);Jamarkattel, et al (2023); Kandel, et al (2023); Karki, et al (2023);KC, et al (2023); Mohammed, et al (2023); Pandey, et al (2023);Parajuli, et al (2021) Poudel, et al (2023Ranabhat, et al (2023); Talchabhadel & Chhetri,(2023) ;Thapa, et al (2023); Timilsina, et al (2023);and Tiwari, et al (2023) cover erratic rainfall and its adverse effects. However, they do not cover erratic rainfall related to the elevated landscapes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining Varying Rainfall in the different elevation of Nepal and Water Scarcity

Bista,

Thakuri,

Koirala

et al. 2023

Econ J Dev Issues

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This study assesses the variation of rainfall in the different elevations in the water basin in Nepal. Employing time series data sets of rainfall from 1980 to 2020 collected from Department of Hydrology and Metrology, Nepal, this study has used Mann Kendal test and Sen’s test. In the different elevations, the variation of rainfall is heterogeneous. In the steep elevated landscapes, rainfall is extreme. In the last 47 years, trend of annual rainfall’s mean (Rmean) and moving average (Rmeanma) have been declining. During that period, there were extremes of higher and lower rainfall in the decadal time frame. Kendall’s coefficient (τ) and Sen’s coefficient (β) of Rmean are -3.65°c and -0.13°c respectively. It implies decreasing trend of Rmean from 1975 to 2020. Sen’s coefficient (β) of Rmean validate decreasing trend of Rmean. However, it is insignificant (P=0.2>0.05). Differently, except Kendall’s coefficient (τ) and Sen’s coefficient (β) of Rmean in Tzone2 (1990-1999), Kendall’s coefficient (τ) and Sen’s coefficient (β) of the remaining three time zones, Tzone1 (1980-1989), Tzone3 (2000-2009) and Tzone4 (2010-2019) are negative. Therefore, rainfall has negative trend in the different elevations of the water basin. We conclude water scarcity & stress exist in the small cities. To minimize water vulnerability, water saving and preserving behaviour of household should be developed and the government agency should campaign tree plantation, protect water sources and initiate water management program.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining Varying Rainfall in the different elevation of Nepal and Water Scarcity

Bista,

Thakuri,

Koirala

et al. 2023

Econ J Dev Issues

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Effect of irrigation canal conveyance efficiency enhancement on crop productivity under climate change in Nepal

Basukala,

Eschenbach,

Rasche

2024

Environ Monit Assess

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Nepal is expanding its irrigation facilities as an adaptive measure to climate change; however, the current canal conveyance efficiency (CCE) is low with significant water losses. In this study, we assess the potential impact of increasing CCE on the productivity of rice, maize, and wheat under different climate change scenarios (SSP1-2.6, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5), utilizing three bias-adjusted general circulation models. The study simulates potential yields at ecoregion levels for two periods: near future (2023 to 2050) and end-century (2075 to 2100). Management scenarios include the following: (1) business as usual, (2) CCE at 30%, (3) CCE at 50%, and (4) CCE at 70%. The results indicate that increasing CCE to 30%, coupled with expanded irrigated areas and adjusted fertilization rates, could boost yields by three tons per hectare across all three crops at the national level. Further increasing CCE to 50% could yield additional increases of up to 0.6 t/ha of maize and 1.2 t/ha of rice in the terai region. A CCE of 70% results in further increases of up to 2.1 t/ha of rice and 1.2 t/ha of maize. The benefits of improved CCE vary by location, with the subtropical terai region experiencing the most and the mountain regions showing the least. We conclude that there is potential to increase yields by increasing CCE to 70% in the terai region, 50% in the hill region, and 30% in the mountains. Wheat appears to benefit the least from improved CCE. This work highlights efficient irrigation as a reliable adaptive measure for future climate change in Nepal.

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Evaluation of long-term changes in water balances in the Nepal Himalayas

Cited by 2 publications

References 86 publications

Examining Varying Rainfall in the different elevation of Nepal and Water Scarcity

Examining Varying Rainfall in the different elevation of Nepal and Water Scarcity

Effect of irrigation canal conveyance efficiency enhancement on crop productivity under climate change in Nepal

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