2020
DOI: 10.3390/s20144034
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Evaluation of LoRa Technology in Flooding Prevention Scenarios

Abstract: Global climate change originates frequent floods that may cause severe damage, justifying the need for real-time remote monitoring and alerting systems. Several works deal with LoRa (Long Range) communications over land and in the presence of obstacles, but little is known about LoRa communication reliability over water, as it may happen in real flooding scenarios. One aspect that is known to influence the communication quality is the height at which nodes are placed. However, its impact in water environments … Show more

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Cited by 29 publications
(22 citation statements)
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“…Several wireless communication standards for different application profiles have been developed. While some, as, e.g., Wi-Fi offer very high data rates, they are less suitable for battery powered setups where low current consumption and at the same time large communication range is required (other systems such as GSM or satellite communications are less likely to be employed due to their comparably high costs [39]). Systems like Bluetooth offer low energy consumption (Bluetooth Low Energy), but are restricted in terms of their range.…”
Section: The Internet Of Things and Landslide Monitoringmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 2 more Smart Citations
“…Several wireless communication standards for different application profiles have been developed. While some, as, e.g., Wi-Fi offer very high data rates, they are less suitable for battery powered setups where low current consumption and at the same time large communication range is required (other systems such as GSM or satellite communications are less likely to be employed due to their comparably high costs [39]). Systems like Bluetooth offer low energy consumption (Bluetooth Low Energy), but are restricted in terms of their range.…”
Section: The Internet Of Things and Landslide Monitoringmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Alternatives to LoRa are, e.g., Sigfox and NB-IoT, but LoRa offers the best parameters for this application: it is unlicensed (which NB-IoT is not) and bidirectional (which Sigfox is not), both important factors for a flexible, open-source system [41]. LoRa is being used worldwide in various natural hazard scenarios [39,43,44]. Other landslide early warning systems use or have used similar LPWAN technologies [45,46].…”
Section: The Internet Of Things and Landslide Monitoringmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…In [ 17 ], the reliability of LoRa in an estuary flooding scenario was investigated using two experimental setups. One was built so that all communication was done on land, to serve as a basis for comparison, while the other was deployed in a river estuary to study the effects of the water surface and the changing water levels on the propagated signal.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The authors of [ 33 ] also demonstrate that snowfall has a detrimental impact on link quality, especially when large distances are covered. To assess LoRa performance for flooding prevention, [ 34 ] presents an in-depth analysis of LoRa propagation characteristics in different land and water environments. Different antenna heights, node distances and, where applicable, tidal water levels are considered.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%