Evaluation of lung maturity by amniotic fluid analysis in equine neonate

Castagnetti, Carolina; Mariella, Jole; Serrazanetti, Gian Paolo; Grandis, Annamaria; Merlo, Barbara; Fabbri, Marco; Mari, Gaetano

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2007.02.013

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The Apgar scoring system is an easy and reliable method for routine assessment of both human and animal neonates, in terms of viability and short-term survival prognosis (Alonso-Spilsbury et al, 2005;Castagnetti et al, 2007Castagnetti et al, , 2010Veronesi et al, 2009;González-Lozano et al, 2009;Orozco-Gregorio et al, 2010). However, its use is not widespread in veterinary medicine.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Porcine neonates failing vitality score: physio-metabolic profile and latency to the first teat contact

Ortega¹,

Mota-Rojas²,

Juárez³

et al. 2011

Czech J. Anim. Sci.

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Clinical studies by Mota-Rojas et al. (2007) carried out on commercial pig farms showed that out of 1000 newly born piglets between 150 and 200 animals experienced apnoea after birth and it was related to perinatal asphyxia longer than 30 s, affecting the vitality in a negative way and delaying the latency of connecting to the dam's teat, which represents an economic impact for the producer. In another study where 11 324 farrowings were analysed from 5000 breeding Mexican pig farms, MotaRojas and Ramírez (1996) ABSTRACT:The objective of this study was to compare the metabolic and electrolytic profile as well as the morphological appearance of the umbilical cord and newly born piglets' weight that failed the vitality test scale compared to those who passed. Newborn piglets were divided into three groups according to the vitality with a modified Apgar score at birth: Group 1, failing with a score < 5 (G 1 : n = 218), Group 2 had a score of 6 to 7 (G 2 : n = 439) and Group 3 had scores > 8 (G 3 : n = 464). Results showed significant differences among groups (P < 0.05) in the physio-metabolic pH, PCO 2 , PO 2 , Na + , Ca 2+ , glucose, lactate and bicarbonate values. Regarding weight, temperature and latency to connect the maternal teat, there were also significant differences (P < 0.05) among groups; it took 23.38 min for G 3 while neonatal piglets from G 1 took 30 min longer (P < 0.05) to make the first teat contact. The neonates from the latter group had a higher percentage (75.68%) of broken umbilical cords, with higher birth weight (+200 g, P < 0.05), showed higher than normal blood glucose concentrations, and had lower body temperature at birth (-0.7°C, P < 0.05) and PO 2 in comparison with the other groups of neonates that passed the vitality score. A novel point of this study is the profile characterization of piglets that failed and passed the vitality score; we expect that the data provided may be applicable as reference values of metabolic and electrolyte blood profiles in newborn piglets according to their vitality. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that low vitality newborn piglets had clearly undergone through perinatal asphyxia. Potential indicators increasing this condition are: high birth weight, low body temperature, vitality score ≤ 5, and the presence of the broken umbilical cord at birth.

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confidence: 99%

Porcine neonates failing vitality score: physio-metabolic profile and latency to the first teat contact

Ortega¹,

Mota-Rojas²,

Juárez³

et al. 2011

Czech J. Anim. Sci.

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“…In addition, amniocentesis is associated with a higher risk of abortion, placental separation, and possible infection when compared with human medicine 11,172,173 . Recently, the determination of lamellar body counts from amniotic fluid collected during delivery of term foals was assessed 174,175 . The usefulness of this test to evaluate lung maturity of foals born prematurely needs to be investigated.…”

Section: Surfactant Studies In Large Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11,172,173 Recently, the determination of lamellar body counts from amniotic fluid collected during delivery of term foals was assessed. 174,175 The usefulness of this test to evaluate lung maturity of foals born prematurely needs to be investigated.…”

Section: Pigsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Lung Surfactant in Respiratory Disease: Current Knowledge in Large Animal Medicine

Christmann

Buechner-Maxwell

Witonsky

et al. 2009

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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Lung surfactant is produced by type II alveolar cells as a mixture of phospholipids, surfactant proteins, and neutral lipids. Surfactant lowers alveolar surface tension and is crucial for the prevention of alveolar collapse. In addition, surfactant contributes to smaller airway patency and improves mucociliary clearance. Surfactant-specific proteins are part of the innate immune defense mechanisms of the lung. Lung surfactant alterations have been described in a number of respiratory diseases. Surfactant deficiency (quantitative deficit of surfactant) in premature animals causes neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Surfactant dysfunction (qualitative changes in surfactant) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome and asthma. Analysis of surfactant from amniotic fluid allows assessment of fetal lung maturity (FLM) in the human fetus and exogenous surfactant replacement therapy is part of the standard care in premature human infants. In contrast to human medicine, use and success of FLM testing or surfactant replacement therapy remain limited in veterinary medicine. Lung surfactant has been studied in large animal models of human disease. However, only a few reports exist on lung surfactant alterations in naturally occurring respiratory disease in large animals. This article gives a general review on the role of lung surfactant in respiratory disease followed by an overview of our current knowledge on surfactant in large animal veterinary medicine.

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“…The ratio of both phospholipids (L/S ratio) is indicative of proper fetal lung function and development, that is the higher L/S ratios indicate more mature fetal lungs (ie, ample surfactant production). As the lungs develop, a significant amount of surfactant from the fetal lungs accumulates within the amniotic fluid . The phospholipid concentration in the amniotic fluid is correlated with the concentration of surfactant isolated from pharyngeal and tracheal aspirates of newborns .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the lungs develop, a significant amount of surfactant from the fetal lungs accumulates within the amniotic fluid. 10 The phospholipid concentration in the amniotic fluid is correlated with the concentration of surfactant isolated from pharyngeal and tracheal aspirates of newborns. 11 Thus, amniotic fluid may be a suitable material for the study of the fetal surfactant system and may help predict respiratory disorders during the neonatal period.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of the obstetrical condition on canine neonatal pulmonary functional competence

Silva

Portari

Lúcio

et al. 2015

J Vet Emergen Crit Care

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We identified a possible influence of the delivery method on the final surfactant maturation process. Thus, neonates born by elective CS prior to the onset of expulsive uterine contractions should have their respiratory parameters carefully monitored. Additionally, we propose that assessment of respiratory parameters 1 hour following birth can serve as a practical means to indirectly estimate pulmonary maturation (ie, surfactant synthesis) in puppies.

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Evaluation of lung maturity by amniotic fluid analysis in equine neonate

Cited by 22 publications

References 23 publications

Porcine neonates failing vitality score: physio-metabolic profile and latency to the first teat contact

Porcine neonates failing vitality score: physio-metabolic profile and latency to the first teat contact

Role of Lung Surfactant in Respiratory Disease: Current Knowledge in Large Animal Medicine

The influence of the obstetrical condition on canine neonatal pulmonary functional competence

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