Evaluation of Material Selection for Small Wind Turbine Blades Using the TOPSIS Method

Abstract

When creating a wind turbine blade, the material choice is crucial. Small wind turbine blades can be made out of a variety of materials, including wood, metals, carbon fibre reinforced polymers, natural fibre reinforced polymers, glass fibre reinforced polymers, and nanocomposites. Low density, high strength, and a long fatigue life are three attributes that must be present in the material used to create turbine blades. The substance is additionally made to tolerate high aerodynamic drag, fatigue loads, and impacts from the environment including dust particulate collecting and humidity. The material used to make the turbine blades should have the aforementioned essential qualities, including low density, high strength, and long fatigue life. Additionally, the material is made to endure high aerodynamic drag, fatigue loads, and environmental effects including dust particle collection and moisture materials. In order to capture energy from moving air masses, rotor blade designs rely on the principles of lift or drag. The lift blade design generates a force that lifts the object perpendicular to the plane of motion using the same principle that allows aeroplanes, kites, and birds to fly. Low density, high strength, fatigue resistance, and damage tolerance are requirements for materials used to make wind turbine blades. Composite materials, or materials with an elevated component content, are used extensively in the construction of the blades. Top Rank by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), a multi-criteria evaluation technique, makes use of numerous factors. The alternative must be the furthest away of the beneficial ideal solution (BIS) & the negative ideal solution (NIS) in order to be chosen. Topsis is built on this principle. The geometric gap between each choice and the most favourable option—that is, the option with the greatest score for each criterion—is calculated after a collection of alternatives is evaluated and the scores for all criteria are normalised. An analytical hierarchical process, the direct prioritisation approach, and other techniques can be utilised to calculate the value requirements according to the TOPSIS method. By using TOPSIS, parameters are thought to be steadily rising or decreasing. Alternate Parameters taken as Wood, Aluminium, epoxy based Carbon FRP (CFRPEP), epoxy based Glass FRP (GFRPEP), polypropylene based Glass FRP with (GFRPPP), epoxy based Cotton-Glass FRP (CGFRPEP), polypropylene based Cotton-Glass FRP (CGFRPPP), epoxy based FlaxGlass FRP (FGFRPEP), and epoxy based Sisal-Glass FRP with (SGFRPEP), plastic. Evaluation Parameters taken a Tensile Strength (MPa), Production Rate, Flexural Strength (MPa), Corrosion resistance, Blade Cost (USD), Setup Cost (USD), Density (kg/m^ {3}). From the result it is seen that epoxy based Carbon FRP (CFRPEP) got the first rank and Aluminium has the lowest rank. The first ranking epoxy based Carbon FRP (CFRPEP) is obtained with the lowest quality of Aluminium