Evaluation of mating type distribution and genetic diversity of three Magnaporthe oryzae avirulence genes, PWL-2 , AVR-Pii and Avr-Piz-t , in Thailand rice blast isolates

Sirisathaworn, Thanyaluk; Srirat, Tanakorn; Longya, Apinya; Jantasuriyarat, Chatchawan

doi:10.1016/j.anres.2016.08.005

Cited by 15 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…These findings demonstrated that M. oryzae uses the transposons to change the expression of AVR genes in breaking down R genes. In the present study, the AVR‐Pii gene was absent in most of the blast populations (81.9%) in Yunnan province, China (Table ), which was similar to rice blast isolates in Thailand (Sirisathaworn et al ., ) and China (Huang et al ., ). Significantly more nucleotide variation was found in the protein‐coding region of AVR‐Pii resulting in changes of amino acids that suggests an intense selection pressure on AVR‐Pii in Yunnan.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Nearly 81% of blast isolates from commercial rice fields did not contain AVR-Pii suggesting that Pii has a limited effect in preventing rice blast disease. Recently, substitution mutations (on 11 sites) were observed in coding regions of AVR-Pii but the avirulence function is still unknown (Sirisathaworn et al, 2017). Continued analysis of AVR-Pii in field blast isolates will help to understand the evolutionary mechanism of AVR-Pii, and to predict the stability and effectiveness of Pii-mediated resistance under natural conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AVR‐Pii has evolved via gene gain/loss (Yoshida et al ., ), while substitution mutations (nucleotide polymorphic sites: 55, 56, 58, 65, 75, 88, 90, 91, 92, 103 and 106) were observed in coding regions of the AVR‐Pii in 46 out of 77 isolates (60%). Low genetic diversity was observed in 77 isolates from Thailand, which can be due to differences between two minor haplotypes and a high number of nonsynonymous substitutions (Sirisathaworn et al ., ). AVR‐Pii was only detected in 2.5% of 182 isolates collected from within Hunan province, China (Xing et al ., ), although structure and evolution of the variants in field blast populations have not been analysed (Xing et al ., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Selection and mutation of the avirulence gene AVR‐Pii of the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Magnaporthe oryzae avirulence (AVR) genes are predicted to be involved in pathogen invasion and their virulence functions are restricted by the presence of the cognate resistance (R) genes. In this study, the distribution and variation of the avirulence (AVR‐Pii) gene of M. oryzae in Yunnan province, China were analysed to understand haplotype diversity of AVR‐Pii under field conditions. The presence of AVR‐Pii in 454 field isolates of M. oryzae collected in Yunnan province was examined using gene‐specific PCR markers. The results showed that 82 M. oryzae isolates carried AVR‐Pii. Among them, 39 (35.5%), 5 (15.2%), 4 (14.3%), 2 (13.3%), 25 (12.8%) and 7 (9.7%) of the M. oryzae isolates carried AVR‐Pii from central, southeastern, southwestern, northwestern, western and northeastern Yunnan province, respectively. Of these isolates, 55 were sequenced, while the remaining 27 isolates were not suitable for PCR‐based sequencing and were not used for further analysis. Moreover, three AVR‐Pii haplotypes were identified among the 55 isolates, in which H1 was identical with a previous sequence in GenBank (accession no. ) and H2 and H3 were novel variants. All DNA sequence variations were found to occur in the protein‐coding region resulting in amino acid substitutions. One virulent haplotype of AVR‐Pii to Pii was identified among 55 field isolates, suggesting that the AVR‐Pii gene has lost avirulence function through base substitution. These findings suggest that AVR‐Pii is under positive selection and AVR‐Pii mutations are responsible for overcoming race‐specific resistance in nature.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Selection and mutation of the avirulence gene AVR‐Pii of the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A total of 25 Avr genes of M . oryzae have been genetically mapped out of which 11 Avr genes have also been cloned and characterised [6]. The pathogenic races of M .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in the LRR region of Pi54 protein alters its interaction with the AvrPi54 protein revealed by in silico analysis

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rice blast, caused by the ascomycete fungus Magnaporthe oryzae is a destructive disease of rice and responsible for causing extensive damage to the crop. Pi54, a dominant blast resistance gene cloned from rice line Tetep, imparts a broad spectrum resistance against various M. oryzae isolates. Many of its alleles have been explored from wild Oryza species and landraces whose sequences are available in the public domain. Its cognate effector gene AvrPi54 has also been cloned from M. oryzae. Complying with the Flor’s gene-for-gene system, Pi54 protein interacts with AvrPi54 protein following fungal invasion leading to the resistance responses in rice cell that prevents the disease development. In the present study Pi54 alleles from 72 rice lines were used to understand the interaction of Pi54 (R) proteins with AvrPi54 (Avr) protein. The physiochemical properties of these proteins varied due to the nucleotide level polymorphism. The ab initio tertiary structures of these R- and Avr- proteins were generated and subjected to the in silico interaction. In this interaction, the residues in the LRR region of R- proteins were shown to interact with the Avr protein. These R proteins were found to have variable strengths of binding due to the differential spatial arrangements of their amino acid residues. Additionally, molecular dynamic simulations were performed for the protein pairs that showed stronger interaction than Pi54tetep (original Pi54 from Tetep) protein. We found these proteins were forming h-bond during simulation which indicated an effective binding. The root mean square deviation values and potential energy values were stable during simulation which validated the docking results. From the interaction studies and the molecular dynamics simulations, we concluded that the AvrPi54 protein interacts directly with the resistant Pi54 proteins through the LRR region of Pi54 proteins. Some of the Pi54 proteins from the landraces namely Casebatta, Tadukan, Varun dhan, Govind, Acharmita, HPR-2083, Budda, Jatto, MTU-4870, Dobeja-1, CN-1789, Indira sona, Kulanji pille and Motebangarkaddi cultivars show stronger binding with the AvrPi54 protein, thus these alleles can be effectively used for the rice blast resistance breeding program in future.

show abstract

“…In Yunnan, China, the presence of AvR-Pii was 82 out of 454 field isolates of M. oryzae [33], whereas in Eastern India, Avr-Pizt and Avr-Pik had the highest frequency (100%) and Avr1-CO39 had the lowest (2%) [34]. In Thailand, PWL-2 , Avr-Pii and Avr-Pizt gene-specific primer amplification had the highest frequency of 100%, 60% and 54%, respectively [35]. From this, it can be inferred that there is a different avirulence gene composition of our new isolates, especially for Avr-Pizt .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographic Distribution of Avirulence Genes of the Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae in the Philippines

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A total of 131 contemporary and 33 reference isolates representing a number of multi-locus genotypes of Magnaporthe oryzae were subjected to a PCR test to detect the presence/absence of avirulence (Avr) genes. Results revealed that the more frequently occurring genes were Avr-Pik (81.50%), Avr-Pita (64.16%) and Avr-Pii (47.98%), whereas the less frequently occurring genes were Avr-Pizt (19.08%) and Avr-Pia (5.20%). It was also laid out that the presence of Avr genes in M. oryzae is strongly associated with agroecosystems where the complementary resistant (R) genes exist. No significant association, however, was noted on the functional Avr genes and the major geographic locations. Furthermore, it was identified that the upland varieties locally known as “Milagrosa” and “Waray” contained all the R genes complementary to the Avr genes tested.

show abstract

Evaluation of mating type distribution and genetic diversity of three Magnaporthe oryzae avirulence genes, PWL-2 , AVR-Pii and Avr-Piz-t , in Thailand rice blast isolates

Cited by 15 publications

References 29 publications

Selection and mutation of the avirulence gene AVR‐Pii of the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae

Selection and mutation of the avirulence gene AVR‐Pii of the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae

Variation in the LRR region of Pi54 protein alters its interaction with the AvrPi54 protein revealed by in silico analysis

Geographic Distribution of Avirulence Genes of the Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae in the Philippines

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About