Evaluation of measles vaccination programme conducted in two separate health centres

Akpa, Onoja; Adu, F. D.; Tomori, Oyewale

doi:10.1016/0264-410x(92)90419-k

Cited by 25 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Geographic location. Children living in developing countries have higher antibody responses to Hib (489), diphtheria (489), PCV7 (490), and pertussis (489) vaccination but lower antibody responses to measles (491)(492)(493), OCV (494), OPV (495,496), and Salmonella Typhi (497) vaccination. Adults in developing countries have lower antibody responses to HepB vaccination (498).…”

Section: Environmental Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors That Influence the Immune Response to Vaccination

2019

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SUMMARYThere is substantial variation between individuals in the immune response to vaccination. In this review, we provide an overview of the plethora of studies that have investigated factors that influence humoral and cellular vaccine responses in humans. These include intrinsic host factors (such as age, sex, genetics, and comorbidities), perinatal factors (such as gestational age, birth weight, feeding method, and maternal factors), and extrinsic factors (such as preexisting immunity, microbiota, infections, and antibiotics). Further, environmental factors (such as geographic location, season, family size, and toxins), behavioral factors (such as smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise, and sleep), and nutritional factors (such as body mass index, micronutrients, and enteropathy) also influence how individuals respond to vaccines. Moreover, vaccine factors (such as vaccine type, product, adjuvant, and dose) and administration factors (schedule, site, route, time of vaccination, and coadministered vaccines and other drugs) are also important. An understanding of all these factors and their impacts in the design of vaccine studies and decisions on vaccination schedules offers ways to improve vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy.

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Section: Environmental Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors That Influence the Immune Response to Vaccination

2019

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“…1B and 2; Tables 7 and 8). Chloroquine was the most common substandard/counterfeit antimalarial agent and was reported in 29 countries, followed by artemisin derivatives (reported in 26 (156) countries), SP (reported in 24 countries), and quinine sulfate (reported in 19 countries) ( Table 7). Regarding the types of poorquality antibacterial agents, antimalarials with reduced active ingredient and reduced dissolution were the most common type ( Table 8).…”

Section: Antiparasitic Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substandard/Counterfeit Antimicrobial Drugs

2015

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SUMMARY Substandard/counterfeit antimicrobial drugs are a growing global problem. The most common substandard/counterfeit antimicrobials include beta-lactams (among antibiotics) and chloroquine and artemisin derivatives (among antimalarials). The most common type of substandard/counterfeit antimicrobial drugs have a reduced amount of the active drug, and the majority of them are manufactured in Southeast Asia and Africa. Counterfeit antimicrobial drugs may cause increased mortality and morbidity and pose a danger to patients. Here we review the literature with regard to the issue of substandard/counterfeit antimicrobials and describe the prevalence of this problem, the different types of substandard/counterfeit antimicrobial drugs, and the consequences for the individuals and global public health. Local, national, and international initiatives are required to combat this very important public health issue.

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“…These include vaccine trials of the antituberculosis vaccine BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guerin) [7],[8],[33] and of typhoid fever [9], measles [10],[23], and polio vaccines [11],[12]. For example, after receiving three oral polio vaccines, vaccinated children from industrialized nations have 97%, 100%, and 100% seroconversion rates to polio virus types 1, 2, and 3, whereas vaccinated children from developing nations show only 73%, 90%, and 70% protection, respectively [11].…”

Section: Population-based Evidence Of Reduced Vaccine Effectivenessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Antenatal Parasite Infections Devalue Childhood Vaccination?

et al. 2009

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On a global basis, both potent vaccine efficacy and high vaccine coverage are necessary to control and eliminate vaccine-preventable diseases. Emerging evidence from animal and human studies suggest that neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) significantly impair response to standard childhood immunizations. A review of efficacy and effectiveness studies of vaccination among individuals with chronic parasitic infections was conducted, using PUBMED database searches and analysis of data from the authors' published and unpublished studies. Both animal models and human studies suggest that chronic trematode, nematode, and protozoan infections can result in decreased vaccine efficacy. Among pregnant women, who in developing countries are often infected with multiple parasites, soluble parasite antigens have been shown to cross the placenta and prime or tolerize fetal immune responses. As a result, antenatal infections can have a significant impact on later vaccine responses. Acquired childhood parasitic infections, most commonly malaria, can also affect subsequent immune response to vaccination. Additional data suggest that antiparasite therapy can improve the effectiveness of several human vaccines. Emerging evidence demonstrates that both antenatal and childhood parasitic infections alter levels of protective immune response to routine vaccinations. Successful antiparasite treatment may prevent immunomodulation caused by parasitic antigens during pregnancy and early childhood and may improve vaccine efficacy. Future research should highlight the varied effects that different parasites (alone and in combination) can have on human vaccine-related immunity. To optimize vaccine effectiveness in developing countries, better control of chronic NTDs may prove imperative.

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Evaluation of measles vaccination programme conducted in two separate health centres

Cited by 25 publications

References 7 publications

Factors That Influence the Immune Response to Vaccination

Factors That Influence the Immune Response to Vaccination

Substandard/Counterfeit Antimicrobial Drugs

Do Antenatal Parasite Infections Devalue Childhood Vaccination?

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